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½kyfudk,fBuD;taeeJY qdk,ifawmh 'D oHvsifûrdYu aeNyD; oabFmqdyf a&mufatmif
um;iSm;NyD; oGm;&vdrfhr,f? oabFmeJYvJ wwefoGm;&vdrfh r,f? &efukefbuf
a&mufawmhvJ um;twefwefpD;NyD; oGm;&vdrfhr,f/
a½Twd*Hkbk&m;ajc&if;a&mufawmhvJ ukef;awmfay: a&mufatmif wufae&wm
awmfawmfMumOD;r,f? tJ'Du jyefvmawmhvJ toGm;uvdkbJ tqifhqifheJY tcsdefawmfawmfMumMum
jyefvm&vdrfhr,f? tJ'g pdwfeJY½kyf uGmjcm;yHkygbJ/
ckeu pdwfeJYa½Twd*HkoGm;vdkufwm bmrSrMumbl;? wcPuav;eJY jyefa&mufvmw,f?
c&D;p&dwfvJ rukefbl;/ 'gwGifr[kwfao;bl;? EdkifiHjcm;udkvJ pdwfeJY oGm;vdkuf,if
bmrQrMumbl;? yghpfydkYvufrSwfwdkY 'Dazmif; vufrSwfwdkY bmvufrSwfrSvJ r,l&bl;?
b,folurSvJ rxm;jrpfEdkifbl;? oGm;csif oGm;vdkufç jyefcsif jyefvdkufeJY pdwfu
tvdk½Sdwdkif; vkyfEdkifygw,f? i&Jjynf ewfjynfawGvJ oGm;csif,if oGm;EdkifwmbJ? bmrS
tqD;twm;vJ r½Sdbl;? aESmifhaES;jcif;vJ r½Sdbl;? vG,fvG,fygbJ/ 'gaMumifh owå0gawGrSm
aocgeD;upGJvrf;cJhwJhtwdkif; b0aumif; b0qdk;awGrSm jzpfMu&ygw,f? aocgeD;u pifMu,fwJh
ukodkvfpdwfeJY pGJvrf;NyD;aovmcJh,if vlYb0 ewfb0qdkwJh b0aumif;awGrSm pifMu,fwJh y#doaE¨
pdwf 0dnmOfuav; jzpfay:vmygw,f? tJ'gudk vljzpfw,f ewfjzpfw,fvdkY ac:&ygw,f? aocgeD;u
npfEGrf;wJh tukodkvfpdwfeJY pGJvrf;NyD; aovmcJh,if tyg,fb0awGrSm npfEGrf;wJh y#doaE¨pdwf
0dnmOfuav; jzpfay:oGm;ygw,f? tJ'gudk i&JusoGm;w,f? wd&pämef jzpfoGm;w,f?
EGm;jzpfoGm;w,f? acG;jzpfoGm;w,f ponfjzifh ac:&w,f/ ckeuajymcJhwJh t½Sifwdó
&[ef;awmfuawmh aocgeD;rSm ouFef;udk ESpfoufwJh avmb-umrpäE´eJY pGJvrf;NyD; aocJhw,f?
ao qdkwmuvJ aemufqHk; pdwfuav; csKyfaysmufoGm;wmudk ac:wmygbJ? tJ'Dvdk
npfEGrf;wJh tukodkvfpdwfeJY pGJvrf;NyD; aocJhwJhtwGuf tJ'D aemufqHk; pdwfuav;vJ
aysmufoGm;a&m? oef;b0 ½kyfcE¨mxJrSm npfEGrf;wJh y#doaE¨pdwf 0dnmOfuav;vJ
jzpfay:oGm;a&m? tJ'Dvdk jzpfay:oGm;wmudkbJ &[ef;u oef;jzpfoGm;w,fvdkY
ajym&wmbJ? wu,f pifppfuawmh &[ef;b0u ½kyfawGbmrS rvdkufygvmygbl;? aocgeD;u
pGJvrf;cJhwJh npfEGrf;wJh umrpäE´pdwf&JU t½Sdeft0gavmufom vdkufygvmygw,f/
umrpäE´y,fbdkY&m
bk&m;ay;aomenf;
'Dvdk &[ef;b0u oef;jzpf&wm bmaMumifhvJqdkwmudk ppfaq;MunfhMuOD;pdkY? oDv
rpifMu,fvdkYvm;-r[kwfygbl;? oDvu pifMu,fygw,f? 'gjzifh bmaMumifhvJvdkYqdk,if
umrpäE´udk ½IrSwfNyD;,ifwJh t&d,m0go-t&d,mwdkY\ aetdrfrSm
raebJeJY ouFef;udk wyfrufESpfoufaewJh umrpäE´qdkwJh ykxkZOf aetdrfrSm aeaevdkYygbJ/
'DumrpäE´udk y,fbdkY&m &[ef;awmfrsm;rSm jrwfpGmbk&m;u ay;xm;wJh
enf;awG½Sdygw,f/ atmufxpfqHk;tm;jzifh ypöa0u©Pmac:wJh qifjcifenf;eJY qifjcifbdkY
jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]y#docFg a,medaom pD0&H y#dao0wd}} ponfjzifh nTefMum;xm;cJhygw,f/
a,medaom? oifhaom taMumif;tm;jzifh/ 0g? enf;rSef vrf;rSeftm;jzifh/ y#docFg-y#docFg,?
ynmjzifh qifjcifí/ pD0&H? ouFef;udk? y#daomowd? rSD0JoHk;aqmif\/ enf;vrf;rSeftwdkif;
qifjcifNyD; oHk;aqmifygwJh? b,fvdkvJqdk,if? oDwó tat;udk? y#dCmwm,? y,fazsmufjcif;
umuG,fjcif; tusdK;iSg/ OPSó? tyludk/ y#dCwm,? y,fazsmufjcif; umuG,fjcif; tusdK;iSm/
y#dao0wd? rSD0JoHk;aqmif\ ponfjzifh nTefMum;xm;ygw,f/
vlrsm;rSm t0wftxnf 0wfqifMuwmuawmh vSywifhw,fbdkY&mvJ &nf½G,fMuygw,f?
&[ef;rsm;rSmawmh vSywifhw,fatmifqdkwJh &nf½G,fcsuf rygygbl;? trSefuawmh
½kyfudk,fBuD;u tat;tylpaom ab;&efawGeJYawGY,if rcHEdkifbl;? 'gaMumifh
tJ'Dtat;tylawGudk umuG,fbdkY jcif rSufponf rESdyfpufEdkifatmif umuG,fbdkY tjrifrawmfwJh
udk,ft*FgawGudk zHk;uG,fxm;bdkY ponfjzifh 'Dvdk tusdK;rsm;twGufom &nf½G,fNyD;
0wf& oHk;aqmif&ygw,f? 'Dawmh t0wfouFef;[m vSbdkY aumif;bdkY rvdkygbl;?
vHkûcHbdkY&mavmufyJ vdkygw,f? 'gaMumifh ouFef;udk 0wf½HkoHk;aqmif&wm[m temudk
,ifrtHkatmif zHk;zdxm;&ovdk ½GHp&m tnpftaMu;udk zHk;zdxm;&ovdk ½kyfudk,fBuD;
rvTJomvdkY 0wf½HkoHk;aqmif&w,f- vkdY 'Dvdk qifjcifNyD; oHk;aqmif&ygw,f/ 'Dawmh
t0efouFef;u vSvdkY aumif;vdkYvJ om,mp&mr½Sdbl;? rvSvdkYvJ pdwfysufp&m r½Sdbll;?
'gaMumifh ouFef;eJYpyfNyD; ESpfoufom,mrI umrpäE´[m vHk;0vJ uif;oGm;Edkifygw,f?
vHk;0ruif;awmif avsmhyg;oGm;Edkifygw,f/
'Djyif tokboabm ocFg&oabmeJY qifjcifyHkawGvJ ½Sdygao;w,f? ESpfoufom,mrI jzpfaewJh
tcgrSm tvG,fqHk; taumif;qHk;uawmh tJ'DESpfoufom,mrIudk½IrSwfNyD; y,fwm[m tvG,fqHk;
taumif;qHk;ygbJ? raysmufrcsif; ½IrSwfae,if aemufqHk;usawmh tJ'D ESpfoufom,mrI[m
vHk;0aysmufoGm;ygvdrfhr,f? vHk;0raysmufapumrl ½IrSwfae,ifudk ½Iwdkif; ½Iwdkif;
t&d,m0go aetdrfxJudkawmh a&mufaeygw,f? ab;&eftEÅ&m,f vHkûcHaeygw,f?
'gaMumifh ckeuajymcJhwJh t½Sifwdó&[ef;[m 'Dvdk ½IrSwf&if;om
ysHawmfrloGm;r,fqdk,if oef; rjzpfEdkifygbl;? ewf½Gm ok*wdudkom a&mufbdkY½Sdygw,f/
odkYayrJh tJ'D &[ef;u ESpfoufom,mrIudk ½IrSwfNyD; ry,fbl;? vufcHxm;w,f? vufcHxm;awmh
ykxkZOfaetdrf a&mufaewmaygh? tyg,fab;rvHkûcHwJhae&m a&mufaewmaygh? 'gaMumifh
olYcjrm&[ef;b0u rsufpduav;rSdwfNyD; pkwdpdwfuav; usoGm;onfESifh wûydifeuf
olYouFef;xJrSmbJ Oyygwfoef;BuD; jzpf&½Smw,f/ trsm;BuD; epfemoGm;½SmwmygbJ?
'Dae&mrSm 'um 'umrawGu rdrdwdkY} udk,fa&;twGuf txl;owdûybdkY qifjcifbdkY
aumif;ygw,f? &[ef;rSm pGJvrf;p&mu bmrSrsm;rsm;½Sdwm r[kwfbl;?
ouFef;uav;wxnfbJ½Sdw,f? 'guav;wxnfudk pGJvrf;½HkeJYawmifrS oef;jzpfoGm;ao;w,f qdkawmh
rdrdwdkYrSm pGJvrf;p&mawGu b,favmufrsm;aeovJ? tJ'gawGudk aoayguf ao0usawmh rpGJvrf;bJ
aoEdkifatmif tm;udk;p&mrsm; ½SdNyDvm;? r½Sdao;bl; vm;qdkwm qifjcifMunfh&r,f?
tm;udkp&m½Sdae,ifawmh vufcarmif;om cwfMuayawmh? tm;udkp&m r½Sdao;,ifawmh
,ckjrwfpGmbk&m; ay;xm;xJh t&d,maetdrfBuD;eJY vHkvHkûcHûcHaeedkifatmif
t&d,m0go aetdrfudk apmapmuwnf;u êudwifNyD; aqmufMuayawmh/
t&d,m0gotdrfaqmuf&mrSm
o'¨gqdkwJh p&dwf½Sd&r,f
avmurSm tdrfaqmufw,fqdk,if p&dwfaMu;aiGuvJ ½SdbdkYvdkygw,f? 'gvdkygbJ
t&d,m0go aetdrfudk aqmuf&mrSmvJ p&dwfpuvdkygw,f? tJ'gu bmvJqdk,if apmapmydkif;u
ajymcJhwJhtwdkif; o'¨gw&m;½SdbdkY vdkygw,f? 'gaMumifh 'Dt&d,m0gow&m;udk
yGg;rsm;,if tyg,fab;ponfrS vGwfajrmufw,fqdkwmudk ,HkMunf&r,f? r,HkMunf,ifawmh
'Dt&d,m0gotdrfudk raqmufEdkifaybl;/ wcsdKYuawmh udk,fwdkifawGYNyD;rS ,HkMunfEdkifr,f?
rawGYcifawmh r,HkMunfEdkifao;bl;vdkY 'Dvdk qifajcay;Mujyefw,f? ,HkMunfqdkwmuawGYNyD;rS
,HkMunf&wmvJ ½Sdygw,f? rawGYcifu toifh,kwådeJY csifhcsdefNyD; ,HkMunf&wmvJ
½Sdygw,f? ra&mufbl;ao;wJh t&yfudk &xm;eJY jzpfjzpf oabFmeJYjzpfjzpf
av,mOfysHeJYjzpfjzpf oGm;wJhtcgrSm tJ'D&xm; oabFm av,mOfay: pD;vdkufoGm;,if
rdrdtvdk½Sd&m t&yfudk a&mufr,fqdkwm olajym vlajymeJY rSef;qcsifhcsdefNyD;
,HkMunf&ygw,f? tJ'Dvdk,HkMunfNyD; tJ'D&xm; oabFm av,mOfudk pD;eif;vdkufygoGm;rS
rdrdtvdk½Sd&m t&yfudk a&mufygw,f? tu,fí rdrdu udk,fwdkifrpD;bl;
ra&mufbl;wJhtwGuf r,HkvdkY rpD;bJ ae,ifawmh tJ'Drdrdtvdk½Sd&m t&yfudk
ra&mufEdkifygbl;? tJ'DvdkbJ 'Dt&d,m0gow&m;uvJ apmapmuwnf;u a'oemeJY
toifh,kwådeJY csifhcsdefNyD; ,HkMunfaomtm;jzifh tm;xkwf&ygw,f? 'Dvdk tm;xkwfygrS
t&d,m0goaetdrfrSmvJ ae&ygw,f? edAÁmefudkvJ odjrif&ygw,f? tyg,fab;ponfrSvJ
vGwfajrmuf&ygw,f? r,HkvdkY tm;rxkwfyJ ae,ifawmh t&d,m0goaetdrfrSmvJ rae&bl;?
edAÁmefudkvJ rawGYEdkifbl;? rvHkûcHwJh ykxkZOfaetdrfrSmcsnf; aeaewJhtwGuf
tyg,fab;ponfeJYvJ rjywfawGYNyD; 'ku©awGa&mufoGm;yg vdrfhr,f/
aemufNyD;awmh ckeu OyrmxJrSm c&D;oGm;wJhol[m &xm;vrf;qHk; oabFmvrf;qHk;
av,mOfvrf;qHk; Xmea&mufwJh tcgusawmh udk,fa&mufcsifwJht&yf [kwfr[kwfudk
ppfaq;qifjcif Munfh&ygw,f? 'Dvdk qifjcifMunfhwJhtcgrSm udk,fa&mufcsifwJht&yf
[kwfrSefae,if? rdrdpD;eif;vmcJhwJh ,mOf&xm;c&D;pOf[m vrf;rSefbJ?
rlvunTefMum;vdkufwJh pum;awGvJ trSefbJvdkY{uef qHk;jzwf ,HkMunf&ygw,f? tJ'guawmh
awGYNyD;rS ,HkMunf&wmrsdK;ygbJ? 'Dt&d,m0gow&m;uvJ 'Denf;twdkif; ygbJ? wu,fwrf;
tm;xkwfvdkufwJhtcgrSm ,ck bkef;BuD;ajymchJwJhtwdkif; orm"d ÓPftxl;awG jzpfay:vmwmudk
udk,fwdkifawGYMuygvdrfhr,f? tJ'DawmhrS rdrdwdkY tvdk½SdaewJh w&m;ppf w&m;rSef
[kwfovm;? r[kwfbl;vm;qdkwm ppfaq;MunfhMuyg? tJ'Dvdk ppfaq;MunfhwJhtcgrSm [kwfrSefaMumif;
rsufarSmufawGY&NyD;awmh ta0pöyom'qdkwJh rwkefrvIyf ouf0if,HkMunfwJh
o'¨gw&m;eJY cdkifcdkifNrJNrJBuD; ,HkMunfoGm;Muygvdrfhr,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;\
w&m;awmfu tppftaq;cHEdkifwJh {[dyódu-w&m;awmfyg?
vmMunfhprf;ygvdkY wdkufwGef;xdkufwJh w&m;awmfygwJh? avmurSm raumif;wJht&omudk
pm;bdkY rwdkufwGef;&bl;? bmaMumifhvJqdk,if? wzufom;yk*¾dKvfu pm;MunfhvdkY
t&omraumif;rSef;od&awmh wdkufwGef;wJholudk tjypfwifwwfw,f/
t&omaumif;uav;rsm;udk auR;Munfh,ifawmh pm;&wJholu tifrwef
aus;Zl;wifwwfygw,f-'gvdkygbJ jrwfpGmbk&m;w&m;awmfu aumif;vGef;vdkY
wdkufwGef;wJh twdkif; tm;xkwfMunfhwJholu w&m;t&omaumif;awGudk awGY&wJhtwGuf
wdkufwGef;wJholudk aus;Zl;wifvdkY rqHk;Edkifatmif ½Sdwwfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh {[dyódaum-vmMunfhprf;yg
usihfMunfhprf;ygvdkY wdkufwGef;xdkufwJh w&m;awmfygbJ? tJ ,ckajymcJhwJhtwdkif;
apmapmuwnf;u ,HkMunfxm;bdkY vkdygw,f? tJ'D,HkMunfwJh o'¨gw&m;[m t&d,m0goaetdrfudk
aqmufzdkY t&if;tESD; p&dwfaMu;aiG wrsdK;ygbJ/
qE´ESifh0D&d,vJ
vdkw,f
NyD;awmh r*fzdkvfedAÁmef w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGudk ,ck b0wGifbJ
&atmiftm;xkwfvdkwJh pdwfqE´uvJ xufxufoefoef½SdbdkY vkdygw,f? 'gvJ p&dwfpu
wrsdK;ygbJ? NyD;awmh rqkwfrepf jyif;jyif;xefxef tm;xkwfwJhvHkYv0D&d,vJ vdkygw,f?
ZGJaumif;bdkYygbJ? 'gvJ p&dwfpu wrsdK;ygbJ? 'D o'¨g qE´ 0D&d,qdkwJh
p&dwfpueJY jynfhpHk,ifawmh t&d,m0go aetdrfudk aqmufEdkifygw,f? ,HkMunfw,f
vdkvm;w,f rysif;bl;qkd,if 'Gg& 6-yg;u ay:vmorQudk ½IrSwfEdkifygw,f? oGm;&if;vJ
rSwfEdkifw,f? &yf&if; xdkif&if; tdyf&if; pm;aomuf&if;vJ rSwfedkifw,f?
rSwfwdkif; rSwfwdkif; t&d,m0go aetdrfudk aqmufvkyfaeonf rnfwmbJ? t&d,maetdrfxJ
0ifa&mufaeonf rnfwmbJ? tJ'Dvdk ½IrSwfae&if; ESpfoufvdkcsifwJh umrpäE´
jzpfay:vm,if tJ'gudk ESpfoufw,f ESpfoufw,f ponfjzifh rSwfvdkuf,if t&d,m0go aetdrfudk
aqmufvkyfaeonf rnfwmbJ? t&d,m0goaetdrfxJ 0ifa&mufae onf rnfwmbJ? tJ'Dvdk rSwfwdkif;
rSwfwdkif; tyg,fab;uvJ vGwfajrmuf vGwfajrmufoGm;w,f? w,f ae&muswmbJ? ydkufqH wjym;rS
rukefbJeJY t&d,maetdrf aumif;xJrSmvJ ae&w,f? tyg,fab;rSvJ vGwfw,f? tifrwefudk
ae&musygw,f? 'DvdkeJY ½I&if; ½I&if;bJ owdÓPfawG &ifhoefjynfhpHkvmwJh
tcgusawmh edAÁmefudkvJ qdkufa&mufNyD;awmh t&d,myk*¾dKvftppf jzpfoGm;ygw,f? tJ'D
tcgusawmh t&d,m0goaetdrfBuD;awGudk udk,fydkif&NyD;awmh pdwfcsvufcs
wifhwifhw,fw,fBuD; aeoGm;&yg vdrfhr,f/
,ckvlawGudk ar;Munfhyg? tdrfBuD; tdrfaumif;eJY aecsifMuovm;? tdrfukyf tdrfpkwf uav;eJY
aecsifMuovm;? tdrfr½SdbJ uGif;jyifxJrSmbJ aecsifMuovm;vdkY ar;Munfhyg? uGif;jyifxJrSmbJ
aecsifw,fvdkYawmh b,folurSajzr,f rxifygbl;? tdrfukyf tdrfpkwfuav;eJY aecsifw,fvdkYvJ
ajzMur,f rxifygbl;? tdrfBuD; tdrfaumif;eJY aecsifw,fvdkYcsnf; ajzMurSmygbJ?
bmaMumifhvJqdk,if tdrfBuD; tdrfaumif;eJY ae&wmuab;&ef tEÅ&m,fvJ uif;w,f?
wifhwifhw,fw,fvJ ½Sdw,f? 'gaMumifh ygbJ? oHo&mpcef;rSmvJ tJ'gvdkygbJ?
tdrfBuD;tdrfaumif;eJYwlwJh t&d,maetdrfrSm aecsifovm;? tdrfpkwfeJYwlwJh ykxkZOf
aetdrfrSm aecsifovm;? tdrfr½SdwJh vGifjyifeJYwlwJh AmvykxkZOf&JU tajctaerSm
aecsifovm;vdkY ar;Munfhyg? tJ'gudk,fh[m udk,fbJ ajzMuayawmh? 'gudk bkef;BuD;u
ajzvdkY½Sd,if rSm;csifvJrSm;aer,f? bmaMumifhwkef;vdkYqdkawmh bkef;BuD;u bkef;BuD;oabmeJY
ajz&,if t&d,maetdrfudk a½G;cs,f&vdrfhr,f? wcsdKYu ykxkZOfaetdrfudk
oabmuscsifvJ usaer,f ajymvdkY rjzpfbl;? trSefrSmawmh t&d,maetdrfu aebdkY&m
aumif;ygw,f? tqifhtwef;vJ jrifhw,f? ab;&eftEÅ&m,fvJ vHkûcHw,f/ tJ'Dawmh
tyg,fav;yg; ab;&ef tEÅ&m,fawGu vHkûcHatmif t&d,m aetdrfBuD;eJY
cefYcefYnm;nm; wifhwifhw,fw,fBuD; aeNyD;awmh oGm;Edkifatmif? t&d,m0goqdkwJh
t&d,maetdrf w&m;awGudk wnfaqmufbdkY&m uaeYn 'DrSm bkef;BuD;u 'Dw&m;udk
a[mygw,f/ ,ck t&d,maetdrf aqmufbdkY&m b,fESpfck NyD;oGm;NyDvJvdkYqdkawmh owd
tapmifhta½SmufeJY jynfhpHk&r,f-qdkwm wckNyD;oGm;ygNyD?
rSD&mav;yg;½Sd&r,fqdkwmvJ NyD;oGm;ygNyD? t*Fgig;yg;udk y,f&r,f-qdkwmuawmh
t*Fgig;yg;xJu wyg;bJ NyD;ao;w,f? ]]ESpfoufvdkcsif? a<u;NrDwif? tvsify,fazsmufav}}
qdkwmuav; wyk'fyJ NyD;ao;w,f? olu4-yk'f usefaeao;w,f/ aemufNyD;awmh t*Fgajcmufyg;eJY
jynfhpHk&r,f-ponfjzifh usefwmawGu awmfawmfrsm;ygao;w,f? tJ'D usefaewmawGu
ydkNyD;ta&;BuD;ygw,f? reufjzefusvJ vmNyD;awmh qufemMuaygh? w&m;qdkwm NyD;qHk;atmif
embdkY ta&;BuD;ygw,f/
w&m;r&csif;
taMumif; 2-ck
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ vufxufawmf tcgumvu bk&m;\ rsufarSmufrSmawmifrS taMumif;
rnDnGwfvdkY½Sd,if w&m;qdkwmu r&Edkifbl;? taMumif;nDnGwfrS &w,f/
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