aemufqufwGJ

trSwf(1) ½Sif;vif;csuf

            þt&d,m0gopmtkyf pmrsufESm 74-ü ]]ig;yg;oDv rvHkvQif aomwmyefr[kwf[k wxpfcsrSwf&ef}} a[mjycJh\/ xdka[mjycsufESifh pyfvsOf;í tenf;i,f xyfrH½Sif;vif;NyOD;rnf/ þodkY xyfrH½Sif;vif; jyjcif;rSmvnf; tvGefokwenf;aom olwdkYtm; okwr,ÓPf yGg;ap&eftwGufom jzpfonf? a½S;ü a[mcJhaom pum;udk cdkifNrJap&eftwGufum; r[kwfay/ tb,faMumifh qdkaom... jrwfpGmbk&m;\ vufxufawmf umvrSpí omoemESpfaygif; 2500 ausmf ,cktxd (tqdkyg aqmif;yg;½Sifpma&; q&mBuD;rSwyg;) Ak'¨bmom0if ynm½Sif rSeforQwdkYonf aomwmyefrSm ig;yg;oDv pifMu,fvHkûcHaMumif; wnDwnf;yif ,lqrSwfom; ajymMum;vsuf ½SdMuonfhjyif? Ak'¨bmom0if r[kwfaom ygVdynm½Sd wdkYonfvnf; xdktwdkif;yif todtrSwfûyvsuf ½SdMuaomaMumifh jzpfayonf/

            trSeftm;jzifhrlum; xdkpma&;q&mBuD; wOD;omvQif usrf;*eftaxmuftxm; r½SdygbJ olrsm;xuf xl;uJí olYpdwfxJxif&mjrif&mawGudk pdwful;BuHqNyD; twåaemrwdrQjzifh a&;om;azmfjyjcif; jzpfavonf? odkYaomf xdkodkYaom a&;om;csufudkyif okwenf;olwdkYu [kwfvSNyDxif&m rSwfom; ajymqdkjcif;ç tvm;wl a&;om;azmfjyjcif;rsm;udk ûyMurnfqdkvQif Ak'¨omoemawmf\ *kPfMuufoa&udk xdckdkufjcif;ç aomwmyef t&uform; aomwmyef 'kóDvponfwdkY rMum;aumif; temomay:xGuf vmjcif; ponfjzifh omoemawmf\ tusdK;rJhç vlrsm;pGmwdkY\ tusdK;rJhjzpfzG,f&m ½SdaomaMumifh vspfvsL½Irxm;oifhaomt&m jzpfí tcsdeftcgtm;avsmfpGm Mo0g'ay;onfh taejzifh t&d,m0go w&m;xJü xnfhoGif;í azmfjycJh&jcif; jzpfayonf/

            xdkMo0g'w&m;tpOfxJü om"uygVdudk tus,fjy&ef roifhaomaMumifh xdkpOftcgu jynfhpHkpGm rjycJh&ay? ,ckrlum; okwenf;olwdkYtwGuf azmfjyoifhao;onf[k oabm&aomaMumifh oufqdkif&m ygVdt|uxm tcsdKYudk aemufqufwGJ taejzifh azmfjyvdkuf&ayonf/

            t*Fkwå& ygVdawmf yXrtkyf pmrsufESm eHygwf 233-234-odu©mokwfwdkYü aomwmyefESifh ou'g*grf yk*¾dKvfwdkYudk ]]oDavok y&dyl&um&D-oDvwdkYü tjynfhtpHk ûyusifhavh½Sdol}} [lí¤if;? orm"do®ð rwåaomum&D-ynm,rwåaomum&D-orm"dESifh ynmü wpdwfwa'o yrmPtm;jzifh ûyusifhavh ½Sdol}} [lí¤if; a[mawmfrl\? tem*grfudkrl ]]oDavok y&dyl&um&D-orm"do®ð y&dyl&um&D- oDvESifh tjynfhpHk ûyusifhavh½Sdol}} [lí¤if;? ]]ynm, rwåaomum&D-ynmü wpdwfwa'o yrmP tm;jzifh ûyusifhavh½Sdol}} [lí¤if;? &[EÅmudkrlum; ]]oDavok y&dyl&um&D-orm"do®ð y&dyl&um&D-ynm, y&dyl&um&D-oDv orm"d ynm oHk;yg;vHk;ü tjynfhtpHk ûyusifhavh½Sdol}} [lí¤if; a[mawmfrl\/

            txufygokwfwdkYü tem*grfESifh &[EÅmudk ]]oDavok y&dyl&um&D-oDvwdkYü tjynfhtpHk ûyusifhol}} [k a[mouJhokdY aomwmyefudkvnf; oDavok y&dyl&um&D- oDvwdkYü tjynfhtpHkusifhol}} [líyif oDvt&mü wef;wlxm;í a[mawmfrlonf? xdkaMumifh aomwmyefrSm umr&m* Asmyg'paom udavomtcsdKY ruif;ao;aomfvnf; aomwmywådr*fjzifh NyD;aom o'¨g 0D&d, owd paom £aNE´wdkY tpGrf;aMumifh &[ef;jzpfvQif (avmu0ZÆ) avmujypf½Sdaom odu©myk'fwdkYESifh pyfí oDv tjynfhtpHk pifMu,fonf vHkûcHonf [lí¤if;? vl0wfaMumif jzpfvQifvnf; ig;yg;oDv tjynfhtpHk pifMu,fonf vHkûcHonf [lí¤if; rSwf&m\? xdkodkYrrSef,lbJ ]]aomwmyefrSm umr&m* Asmyg' paom udavomawG ruif;ao;aomaMumifh touftEÅ&m,f paom tvGefta&;BuD;onfh taMumif;rsm;ESifh awGYêuHvQif oDvysufEdkifao;onf}} ponfjzifh rdrd\ ykxkZOfpdwfESifh EdIif;,SOfBuHqí ajymqdkvQif xdkolonf jycJhaom odu©mokwf paomjrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;awmfudk usL;ausmfy,fzsuf&m a&muf\/

            tavsmftm;jzifh BuHq ,loifhonfrSm...aomwmyefrSm r*fjzifhNyD;aom o'¨gw&m;onf tjynfhtpHk cdkifNrJvsuf½Sd\ ygwdarmu© oH0&[k ac:aom odu©myk'fqdkif&m oDvonf xdk o'¨g\ tpGrf;jzifh NyD;pD; jynfhpHk\ wdkwdkESifh ½Sif;½Sif;ajym&vQif...jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ,HkMunfvQif bk&m;\ pum;udk vdkufemí oDv jynfhpHk\? r,HkvQif rvdkufemí rjynfhpHk? Oyrmtm;jzifh vlrrmonf aq;q&mudk ,HkvQif xdkq&m\ pum;udk vdkufem\ r,HkvQif rvdkufemouJhodkY yifwnf;/

            aomwmyefonfum; Aka'¨ ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém-*awm-bk&m;ü ÓPfjzifh ouf0ifí rwkefrvIyf cdkifNrJpGm ,HkMunfaom o'¨gw&m;ESifh jynfhpHkay\? xdktwlyif w&m;awmf oHCmawmfwdkYü ,HkMunfaom o'¨gw&m;ESifhvnf; jynfhpHkay\? xdkYaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]tjypf½Sdonf rûyaumif;}}[k ynwfa[mMum; wm;jrpfxm;aom trI[lorQudk ½dkaopGm a½SmifMuOf\? toufudkpGefYíaomfvnf; apmifhpnf;\? xdkYjyif r*fjzifh NyD;aom 0D&d,ESifhvnf; jynfhpHkaomaMumifh tacsmifcdkí rw&m;ojzifh ypönf;½Smjcif;rsdK;udk rûy? vHkYv0D&d,jzifh tyef;cHí rSefuefw&m;aom or®mtmZD0jzifh ypönf;½Sm\? xdkYjyif a½S;ü ajymcJhonfhtwdkif; r*fjzifhNyD;aom owdjzifhvnf; trSwf&aeaomaMumifh rxdef;Edkif rodrf;Edkifavmufatmif jyif;xefaom tyg, *reD, avmb ponf rjzpfEdkif? þo'¨g0D&d, owdpaom £aNE´wdkY\tpGrf;aMumifh aomwmyefrSm oDv tjynfhtpHk pifMu,fonf vHkûcHonf-[líomvQif BuHq rSwf,loifhayonf/

            atmufygrSm þ teufudk wdkuf½dkufjyaom t|uxm pum; jzpfonf/

            oapyd b0EÅ&*wH t&d,om0uH twåaem t&d,om0ubm0H tZmeEÅrÜd aumpd {0H 0a',s ]]£rH ukE¦udydv’duH ZD0dwm a0ga&maywGm ouvpuú0gV*aAÇ puú0dwåd&ZÆH y#dyZÆm[D}}wd? ae0 aomwH ZD0dwm a0ga&may,s? txmyd eH {0H 0a',sHK ]]oap £rH eCmawóod? oDoH aw qdE´dómrm}}-wd? oDoar0ó qdaE´,sHK? e p aom wHCmaw,s/ (Oy&dyPÖmo t|uxm-75? t*Fkwå& t|uxm 1-353? oar®m[ 0daem'eD t|uxm-406)/

            b0wyg;odkY a&mufaeí rdrdt&d,mjzpfaMumif;udkyif rodaom aomwmyef t&d,mwynfhudk (ajymqdkcGifh½Sdol) wpHkwa,mufu ]]þ ydk;½G y½Gwfqdwfudk owfNyD;vQif pMum0VmwwdkufvHk;ü pMu0aw;rif; tjzpfudk ûyavh}}[k tu,fí qdkjim;tHh? xdkaomwmyef t&d,m wynfhonf xdkydk;½G y½Gwfqdwfudk rowfEdkif&monfomvQifwnf;? wenf;tm;jzifhvnf; ]]þtaumifudk rowfvQif oif\ OD;acgif;jzifh jzwfukeftHh}} [k þodkY rlvnf; xdk aomwmyef t&d,m wynfhudk qdkukefjim;tHh? xdkaomwmyef\ OD;acgif;udkomvQif jzwf&avukef&m\ xdkaomwmyefonfum; xdktaumifudk rowfav&m/ (jrefrmjyef)/

            txufyg t|uxmonf jyqdkcJhaom oDavok y&dyl&um&D paom ygVdawmfESifhtnD odvG,fap&ef yHkyrm aqmifí jyqdkaom pum;jzpfonf/

            atmufygrSm aomwmyefyk*¾dKvfrsm; rdrdwdkY\ tajctaeESifh wdkufqdkif csdefxdk;Munfh&ef jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mawmfrlaom "r®m'gookwf (aMu;rHkw&m;) jzpfonf/

    (u) £"meE´ t&d,om0aum Aka'¨ ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*awm a[mwd £wdydaom b*0g t&[H/y/ b*0gwd/

    (c) "ar® ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*awm a[mwd oGmu©mawm b*0wm "ar®m/y/ ypöwåH a0'dwaAÁm 0dñl[Dwd/

    (*) oHaC ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*awm a[mwd okyÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0uoHaCm/y/ tEkwå&H yknau©wåH avmuómwd/

    (C) t&d,uaEÅ[d oDav[d orEém*awm a[mwd tca@[d tpäda'´[d toAav[d tur®m ao[d/y/ omr"doH0wåedau[d/

            t,H acgaom tmeE´ "r®m'gaom "r®y&d,ma,m? a,e orEém*awm t&d,om0aum tmucFrmaem twåem0 twåmeH Asmua&,s ]]cDPed&a,mrSd cDPwd&pämea,med cDPaywåd0doa,m cDPmyg, 'k*¾wd0dedygawm? aomwmyaEém-[ro®d t0dedygw"ar®m ed,awm oarÁm"dy&m,aPm}}wd/ (okwfr[m0gygVd-*0? r[m0*¾ oH,kwfygVd-311)/

            (u) tmeE´m þomoemawmfü t&d,mwynfhonf ]]xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxdkuf aom taMumif;aMumifhvnf; t&[Hrnfawmfrl\/y/ bkef;wefcdk; BuD;awmfrlaom taMumif;aMumifhvnf; b*0g rnfawmfrl\}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;ü rwkefrvIyf Munfñdkjcif;ESifh jynfhpHk\/

            (c) }}w&m;awmfonf jrwfpGmbk&m; aumif;pGm a[mxm;aom w&m;awmfygaywnf;/y/ (t&d,m)ynm½SdwdkYom udk,fpD udk,fi odEdkif cHpm;Edkifaom w&m;awmfygaywnf;}} [k w&m;awmfü rwkefrvIyf Munfñdkjcif;ESifh jynfhpHk\/

            (*) ]]jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynfhom; oHCmawmfonf aumif;aom tusihf½Sdawmfrlygay\/ y/ owå0gtaygif;\ aumif;rIûy&ef tjrwfqHk; v,fajr jzpfawmfrlygay\}} [k oHCmawmfü rwkefrvIyf Munfñdkjcif;ESifh jynfhpkH\/

            (C) rusdK; rayguf rajymuf rusm;ukefaom/y/ orm"dudk jzpfapwwfukefaom t&d,mwdkY ESpfouftyfukefaom oDvwdkYESifh jynfhpHk\/

            þonfyif aMu;rHkw&m;wnf;? ,if;aMu;rHkw&m;ESifh jynfhpHkaom t&d,mwynfhonf ajymMum;vdkygrl ]]ighrSm i&Jy#doaE¨ ukefNyD? wd&pämefy#doaE¨ ukefNyD? Nydwåmy#doaE¨ ukefNyD? tyg,f'k*¾wdodkY ysufpD;í usa&mufzG,f ukefNyD? igonf aomwmyefjzpf\? tyg,fbHkodkY ysufpD;í rusEdkifNyD? *wdÓPf udef;aoNrJNyD? txufr*f ÓPf oHk;yg;vQif aemufqHk;aom a&muf&m½Sd\}} [k rdrdudk,fwdkifyif rdrdtaMumif;udk qHk;jzwfajymMum;Edkif ay\/ (jrefrmjyef)

            txufyg "r®m'gookwf (aMu;rHkw&m;)rS(C) tydk'f onf þü xkwfjyvdk&if;jzpf\? xdktydk'fudk t|uxmwdkYü atmufygtwdkif; zGifhjyxm;\/

            t&d,uaEÅ[D[d t&d,meH uaEÅ[d yda,[d remay[d/ yOö [d oDved b0EÅ&*wmyd t&d,m eaumayEÅd/ {0H awoH yd,med/ wmed oE¨ma,wH 0kwåH? tca@[Dwdtm'd o'do0aoe 0kwåH/ rkc0¥d,O§d qdaEéua'om ygwd c@mwd 0kpöwd? raZÑbdEém qd'´gwd? {uo®ð ya'ao 0dobm*0PÖm*g0D oAvmwd? ememAdE´Kpdwåm ur®momwd? {0ar0 y#dyg#d,m tm'drSd 0g taEÅ 0g bdEéwåm oDvH c@Hemr?raZÑbdEéH qd'´H? ,w¬ uw¬pd 'GdEéH 0g wdPÖH 0g y#dyg#d,m bdEéH oAvH? {uEÅ&H bdEéH ur®moH/ awoH a'gomeH tbma0e tc@m'dwm a0'dwAÁm/y/ orm"doH0wåedau[Dwd tyÜemorm"d H Oypm& orm"d H 0g oH0awåwHk oraw¬[d/ (oH,kwfy|uxm 3-308-ponf)/

            t&d,mwdkY ESpfouftyfukefaom [l&mü t&d,mwdkYonf ESpfouftyf cspftyf jrwfEdk;tyf ukefaom ([k qdkvdk\)/ rSefay\/ ig;yg;oDvwdkYudk t&d,mwdkYonf b0wyg;odkY a&mufaeukefaomf vnf; rysufapukef? þodkYvQif xdkt&d,mwdkYonf cspftyfayukef\/ xdk ig;yg;oDvwdkYudk &nfí }}t&d,mwdkY ESpfouftyfukefaom oDvwdkY}} [laom xdkpum;udk qdkayonf/ rusdK;ukef ponfudk wlonf\ tpGrf;jzifh qdktyfayonf? wlyHkum; EIwfcrf;a&;ü wpdwfwydkif; usdK;yJhaomcGufudk usdK;yJhonf[lí¤if;? tv,fü aygufaom cGufudk aygufonf[lí¤if;? wae&mü tqif;trsdK;uGJaom EGm;rudk aMumifusm;onf [lí¤if;/ trsdK;rsdK;aom tajymuftuGuf½Sdaom EGm;rudk ajymufonf[lí¤if;? ajymqdk&ouJhodkY xdkYtwlyif odu©myk'f tpOftm;jzifh tpü jzpfapç tqHk;üjzpfap wckck ysufaomoDv onf usdK;onfrnf\? tv,fü odu©myk'f wck ysufvQif aygufonf rnf\? wae&m&mü odu©myk'f ESpfck oHk;ck tpOfvdkuf ysufvQif aMumifusm;onfrnf\? wckjcm;ysufvQif ajymufonfrnf\? xdkodkYaom tjypfrsm; r½Sdojzifh rusdK;onfhtjzpf ponfudk odtyf\/y/ orm"dudk jzpfapEdkifukefaom [l&mü psmef r*f zdkvf tyÜemorm"dudkaomf¤if; Oypm orm"dudkaomf¤if; jzpfapjcif;iSg pGrf;Edkifukefaom ([k qdkvdk\)/ (jrefrmjyef)

            txufyg ygVdt|uxmwdkYjzifh aomwmyef t&d,mrSm ig;yg;oDvxJu odu©myk'f wckckrQ rysufbJ jynfhpHkpifMu,faMumif;? ,ckb0üom r[kwf? aemifb0wdkYüvnf; rysufyJ jynfhpHkpifMu,f aMumif; xif½Sm;jy\? xdkYjyif orm"doH0wåedau[d-orm"dudk jzpfapwwfukefaom[laom *kPfyk'fjzifh oDvpifMu,frS orm"dtppfjzpfEdkifonfudkvnf; jy\/

            atmufyg t*Fkwå& oH,kwfygVdwdkYüum; t&d,myk*¾dKvfMuOfa½Smifaom odu©myk'fig;yg;udk toD;toD; xif½Sm;jyawmfrl\/

            ,awm acg *[ywd t&d,omouó yOöb,med a0&med 0lyoEÅmed a[mEÅd? pwl[d p aomwmywåd,a*F[d orEém*awm a[mwd/ aom tmucFrmaem twåem0 twåmeH Asmua&,s ]]cDPed&a,mrSd cDPwd&pämea,med cDPaywåd0doa,m cDPyg,'k*¾wd0dedygawm? aomwmyaEém [ro®d t0dedygw"ar®m ed,awm oarÁm"dy&m,aPm}} wd/

            uwrmed yOö b,med a0&med 0lyoEÅmed a[mEÅd? ,H *[ywd ygPmwdygwD ygPmwdygw ypö,m 'd|"r®durÜd b,H a0&H yo0wd? orÜm&m,d urÜd b,H a0&H yo0wd? apwodurÜd 'ku©H a'greóH y#doHa0a'wd? ygPmwdygwm y#d0d&awm ae0 'd|"r®durÜd b,H a0&H yo0wd? e orÜ&m,durÜd b,H a0&H a0&H yo0wd? e apwodur0d 'ku©H a'greóH y#doHa0a'[d? ygPmwdygwm y#d0d&wó {0H wH b,H a0&H 0lyoEÅH a[mwd/

            ,H *[ywd t'dEém'g,D/y/umarokrdpämpm&D/y/ rkom0g'D/y/ ok&mar&, rZÆyrm'|m,D ok&mar&, rZÆyrm'|meypöa,m 'd|"r®urÜd b,H a0&H yo0wd/y/ ol&mar&,rZÆyrm'|mem y#d0d&wó {0H wH b,H a0&H 0lyoEÅH a[mwd/ £rmed yOö b,med a0&med 0lyoEÅmed a[mEÅd/

            uwar[d pwl[d aomwmywåd,a*F[d orEém*awm a[mwd? £" *[ywd t&d,om0aum Aka'¨ ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*awm a[mwd/y/ "ar®/y/ oHaC ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*awm a[mwd/y/ t&d,uaEÅ[d oDav[d orEém*awm a[mwd tca@[d tpäda'´[d toAav[d tur®m ao[d/y/ orm"doH0wåedau[d/

            ,awm acg *[ywd t&d,om0uó £rmed yOö b,med a0&med 0lyoEÅmed a[mEÅd? £ar[d p pwl[d aomwmywåd,a*F[d orEém*awm a[mwd/ aom tmucFrmaem twåem0 twåmeH Asmua&,s ]]cDPed&a,mrSd/y/ aomwmyaEém[ro®d/y/ oarÁm"dy&m,aPm}}wd/

            (t*Fkwå&ygVd wwd,tkyf 205? oH,kwf yXr 297)

            (temxydPf) ol<u,f tMuiftcgü t&d,mwynfhtm; ab;&efig;rsdK;wdkYonf Nidrf;at;ukef\ aomwmyef t*Fgav;rsdK;wdkYESifhvnf; jynfhpHk\? xdktcg xdkt&d,mwynfhonf ajymMum;vdkygrl ]]igrSm i&Jy#doaE¨ukefNyD? wd&pämef y#doaE¨ ukefNyD? Nydwåmy#doaEÅ ukefNyD? tyg,f'k*¾wdodkY ysufpD;í usa&mufzG,fukefNyD? igonf aomwmyefjzpf\? tyg,fbHkodkY ysufpD;í rusEdkifNyD? *wdÓPf udef;aoNrJNyD? txufr*fÓPf oHk;yg;vQif aemufqHk; owfa&muf&m½Sd\}} [k rdrdudk,fwdkif rdrdtaMumif;udk qHk;jzwfajymMum;Edkifay\/

            tb,fab;&efrsdK;wdkY Nidrf;ukefoenf;[lrl ol<u,f olYtouf owfolonf olYtouf owfjcif; [laom taMumif;aMumifh rsufarSmufab;&efvnf;yGg;\? wrvGef ab;&efvnf;yGg;\? pdwfqif;&Jjcif; ESvHk;romjcif;udkvnf; cHpm;&\? owfjcif;rS a½SmifMuOfolonf rsufarSmufab;&efvnf; ryGg;? wrvGef ab;&efvnf; ryGg;? pdwfqif;&Jjcif; ESvHk;romjcif;udkvnf; rcHpm;&? olYtouf owfjcif;rS a½SmifMuOfol tm; þodkYvQif xdkab;&efonf Nidrf;at;\/

            ol<u,f olYOpömudk vk,ufcdk;,lolonf/y/umr*kPfwdkYü rSm;,Gif;pGmûyusifholonf/y/ vdrfvnfajymol onf/y/ ao&nft&uf aomufpm;olonf ao&nft&ufaomufpm;jcif;[laom taMumif;aMumifh rsufarSmufab;&efvnf;yGg;\/y/ ao&nft&uf aomufpm;jcif;rS a½SmifMuOfoltm; þodkYvQif xdkab;&efonf Nidrf;at;\/

            tb,faomwmyef t*Fgav;rsdK;wdkYESifh jynfhpHkoenf;[lrl-ol<u,f þomoemawmfü t&d,m wynfhonf jrwfpGmbk&m;ü rwkefrvIyf Munfñdkjcif;ESifh jynfhpHk\? w&m;awmfü/y/ oHCmawmfü rwkefrvIyf Munfñdkjcif;ESifh jynfhpHk\? rusdK;rayguf rajymufrusm;Edkifaom/y/ orm"dudk jzpfapwwfukefaom t&d,mwdkY ESpfouftyfukefaom oDvwdkYESifh jynfhpHk\/

            ol<u,ftMuiftcgü t&d,mwynfhtm; þab;&efig;rsdK;wdkYonf Nidrf;at;ukef\? þ aomwmyef t*Fgav;rsdK;wdkYESifhvnf; jynfhpHk\? xdktcgü t&d,mwynfhonf ajymMum;vdkygrl ]]ighrSm i&Jy#doaE¨ ukefNyD/y/ igonf aomwmyef jzpf\/y/ txufr*fÓPfoHk;yg;vQif aemufqHk; oufa&muf&m ½Sd\}} [k rdrdudk,fwdkifyif rdrdtaMumif;udk qHk;jzwf ajymMum;Edkifay\/ (jrefrmjyef)

            txufyg ygVdü ab;&efjzpfyHkudk t|uxmü atmufygtwdkif; zGifhjyxm;\/

    b,H a0&EÅd tw¬awm {uH/ a0&Oö emarwH 'k0d"H a[mwd Am[d&H tZÑwåduEÅd/ {aue [d {uó ydwm rm&dawm a[mwd? aom pdaEÅod ]]{awe ud& ar ydwm rm&dawm? t[rÜd wHa,0 rma&ómrD}} wd edodwH ow¬H tm'g, p&wd/ ,m wó tAÇEÅa& OyÜEéa0& apwem? £'H Am[d&H a0&H emr/ ,m ye £w&ó ]]t,H ud& rH rma&ómrDwd p&wd? t[ar0eH yXrw&H rma&ómrD}} wd apwem OyÜZÆwd? £'H tZÑwåduH a0&Hemr/ £'H wm0 Ob,rÜd 'd|"r®duar0/ ,m ye wH ed&a, OyÜEéH 'doGm ]]{wH y[&dómrD}} wdZvdwH t,rk*¾&H *PSawm ed&,ygvó apwem OyÜZÆwd? £'ró orÜ&m,duH Am[d&a0&H/ ,mpó ]]t,H eda'´goH rH y[&dómrDwd tm*päwd? t[ar0 eH yXrw&H y[&dómrD}} wd apwem OyÜZÆwd? £'ró orÜ&m,duH tZÑwåa0&H? ,H yaewH Am[d&a0&H? wH t|uxm,H yk*¾va0&EÅd 0kwåH/ {0Haooya'okyd ]]£rdem rr b@H [#H? r,SH 'ga&ok pm&dwåH tmyEéH? rkom 0wGm taw¬m ba*¾g? ok&mr'rawåe £'H emr uwEÅdtm'dem ea,e a0½kyÜwåd a0'dwAÁm/ t&d,uaEÅ[Dwd yOö[d oDav[d/ wmed[d t&d,meH uEÅmeH uEÅmed yd,med? b0EÅ&*wmyd t&d,mwmed e 0dZ[EÅd? wo®m t&d,uEÅmeDwd 0kpöEÅd/ (oH,kwft|uxm 'kwd, 68)/

            ab;ESifh&ef þESpfrsdK;onf teuft&wl\? &ef [lonfrSmvnf; twGif;&ef tjyif&ef[lí ESpfrsdK;½Sd\ csJYíjy&vQif-vlwa,muf vlwa,muf\tzudk owfvdkufvQif towfcH&ol\ om;u ]]ightzudk þoluowfowJh? iguvnf; þoludkyif owfrnf}} [k BuHíxufpGmaom "m;vufeufudk udkifaqmifvsuf oGm;vmae\? þodkY BuHpnfoGm;vmaeaom ol\ udk,fxJü jzpfaom &efNidK; apwemonf tjyif&efol rnf\ ]]igowfvdkufaom ol\om;onf ighudk owfrnf[k BuHpnfoGm;vm aeowJh? þtaumifudk iguyif vufOD; owfvdkufrnf}} [k olowfo®m;tm; apwem jzpf\? þapwemonf twGif;&ef rnf\? jyqdkcJhaom þtwGif;tjyif&efESpfrsdK;vHk;onf rsufarSmufb0ü jzpfaom &efomvQif jzpfonf/ (vludkowfcJhí) i&Jü usa&mufaeaom oludk i&Jxdef;u jrifí þtaumifudk ykwfcwfrnf-[k &J&Jawmufaom oHwif;ykwfudk pGJudkifaom i&Jxdef;rSm jzpfaom apwemonf wrvGef tjyif&efrnf\? þi&Jxdef;onf tjypfr½Sdaom ighudk ykwfcwfrnf[k vmae\? iguyif olYudk vufOD;ykwfcwfvdkufrnf[k i&Jom;rSmjzpfaom apwemonf wrvGef twGif;&ef rnf\? a½S;t|uxma[mif;ürl tjyif&efudk yk*¾dKvf&efol[k qdk\? <uif;aom t'dEém'gef ponfwdkYüvnf; þenf;wlyif ]]þolonf ighOpömudk vk,uf cdk;,lcJh\? ig\ r,m;wdkYü usL;vGefcJh\? rkom;ajymí ightusdK;udk zsufqD;cJh\? ao&nft&uf ,pfrl;um þrnfaom trIudk ûycJhbl;\}} þodkYtp½Sdaom enf;jzifh &efjzpfyHkudk odtyf\? (t&d,mrSm þ&efrsdK; tm;vHk; uif;onf[k qdkvdk\) t&d,mwdkYESpfouf tyfukefaom (oDvwdkYESifh) [lonfum; ig;yg;oDv wdkYESifh ([k qdkvdk\)/ rSefay\ xdkig;yg;oDvwdkYudk t&d,mwdkYu ESpfoufukef cspfjrwfEdk;ukef\? b0 wyg;odkY a&mufaeukefaomfvnf; t&d,mwdkYonf xdkig;yg;oDvwdkYudk rpGefYukef? xdkaMumifh t&d,uEÅ- t&d,mwdkY ESpfoufaomoDv-[k qdktyfukef\/ (jrefrmjyef)

            þrQaom ygVd t|uxmpum;wdkYjzifh aomwmyef t&d,mtppfrSm rnfonfhenf;ESifhrQ ig;yg;oDv rysufaMumif; ig;yg;oDv vHk;0pifMu,f vHkûcHaMumif; ,HkMunfqHk;jzwfEdkifNyD? xdkYaMumifhyif þodkYaom ygVdt|uxmwdkYudk axmufí Ak'¨bmom0if &[ef; ½Sifvl [lorQwdkYonf ]]aomwmyefrSm ig;yg;oDv vHkûcHpifMu,fonf? ig;yg;oDvrS rvHkyJ aomwmyef[k trnfcHvQif xdkaomwmyefrSm bk&m;a[m ygVdç xdk\tzGifhç t|uxmpaom usrf;*efwdkYESifh nDaom aomwmyef tppfr[kwf? twkty aomwmyef jzpfonf}} [líom wxpfcs rSwf,lxm;Muayonf/

trSwf (1) ½Sif;vif;csuf NyD;\/

trSwf(2) ½Sif;vif;csuf

            pmrsufESm 214-ü ]],drf;,dkif vIyf½Sm; a½GYoGm;wwfonf}} [laom pmydk'frSm ork'D&P&o- [laom t|uxmygXftwGuf jyefqdkcsuf jzpfonf? emr½lyy&dapä'usrf;ü xdk ork'D&P&oyk'f\tpm; orD&P&o-[k qdkxm;\? tbd"r®m0wm& #Dumopfü ork'D&P&omwd urÜe&om-[k zGifhqdk\? xdkYaMumifh ork'D&Pç orD&Pç urÜe-[laom þ oHk;yk'fonf teufwljzpfí vIyfjcif;ç vIyfapjcif; - [laom teufwdkYudk a[m\? xdkwGif vIyfapjcif;teufudk,lí r[m#Dumü ayv’e-wGef;jcif;[k t"dyÜg,w¬ zGifhjy\? wGef;jcif;[lonfrSm rdrdESifh waygif;wnf;jzpfaom½kyfç rdrdESifh wdkufcwfrdaom ½kyfwdkYudk t&yfwyg;ü jzpfap&ef wGef;uefaomowådaywnf; ¤if;rSm vIyf½Sm;rIwdkif;ü yg0ifvsuf½Sd\? odkYaomfvnf; vufajcponf vIyf½Sm;&mü wGef;onf[k ajymqdkavhr½SdMu? vIyfonf [líom ajymqdkavh ½SdMu\? xdkYjyif tjcm; ½kyfwdkYudkwGef;uefaom 0ga,m"mwfrSm vIyf½Sm;jcif;oabmvnf; ½Sd\? 0ga,m"mwfonf rdrdu vIyf½Sm;wwfaomaMumifhyif olwyg;tm; vIyf½Sm;apwwf wGef;uef wwfayonf? Oyrm- vIyf½Sm;wwfaom EGm;onf rdrdESifh xdpyfvsuf½Sdaom vSnf;udk vIyf½Sm;apwwf wGef;wwfouJhodkYyifwnf;? xdkYaMumifh wGef;rIonf vIyf½Sm;rIü twGif;0ifvsuf½Sd\? vIyf½Sm;rIudk odvQif wGef;rIudkvnf; odawmhonf omwnf;? odkYjzpfí trsm;ajymqdkavh½Sdojzifh em;vnfvG,faom vIyf½Sm;rI udkom y"meûyí aqmifyk'fü ]],drf;,dkifvIyf½Sm; a½GYoGm;wwfonf}} [k jyqdkcJhayonf? tu,fí r[m#Dum tzGifhESifh wdkuf½dkufnDatmif qdkvdkvQif ]],drf;,dkifvIyf½Sm; a½GUoGm;aponf}}[k jyifí qdk&m\/

trSwf (2) ½Sif;vif;csufNyD;\/

trSwf(3) ½Sif;vif;csuf

            pmrsufESm 215-ü ]]olvdk&mbuf wGef;vsufaqmifonf}} [laom pmydk'fwGif ol-[laom emrfpm;jzifh 0ga,m"mwfudk qdkonf? vdk&mbuf-[laom pum;onf wifpm;í qdkaom pum;jzpfonf? tbdeD[m&ypöK-y|meyk'frS tbdeD[m&-a½S;½Iaqmifonf-[l&mü a½S;½I-[laom pum;onf okwenf; olrsm; em;rvnfEdkifaom todcufaom pum;jzpfonf? ¤if;jzifh OD;wrf;jcif;ç OD;wnfjcif; teufudk jy\? xdkOD;wrf;jcif;ç OD;wnfjcif;teufudkvnf; okwenf;olwdkYrSm em;vnf&ef rvG,fvSao;? xdkYaMumifh a½S;½Iç OD;wrf;ç OD;wnf[laom xdkyk'fwdkY\tpm; ]]olvdk&mbuf}} [k qdkxm;onf? 0ga,m"mwf aqmifoGm; vdk&mbuf a½S;½I OD;wnfrd&mbuf-[k qdk\? xdkodkYqdk&mü 0ga,m"mwfrSm tvdk[lí r½Sdjim;aomfvnf; jrefrmwdkY\ ajym½dk;qdkpOftm;jzifh ]]rdk;onf ol½Gmvdk&m ½Gm\? avonf olwdkufvdk&m wdkuf\}} [laom Oyrm pum;wdkYuJhodkY þüvnf; ]]olvdk&mbuf}} [k wifpm;í qdkxm;jcif; jzpfonf/

            þwifpm;csufrSmrl uav; oli,frsm; a*:vDvHk; vSdrfhí upm;&müyif ]]'Da*:vDvHk;u 'Dbufudk roGm;csifbl;? [dkbufudk oGm;csifaew,f}} ponfjzifh ajymqdkavh½SdaomaMumifh ]]0ga,m"mwf u olvdk&mbufudk wGef;aqmifoGm;onf}}[kqdkvQif ]]a½S;½I OD;wrf;rd&mbufodkY wGef;aqmif oGm;onf}} [k qdkvdkaMumif; vG,fulpGmyif odem;vnfEdkif\/

            þodkY em;vnfvG,fatmif wifpm;í ajymoifhaomaMumifhyifvQif ygVd t|uxm #DumwdkYü vnf; ]]pu©Ktm0dÚäwd remyda,ok ½layok(oH2-402)? pu©KaywH 0dorZÑmo,H/y/ ½lypdwåykyævwm'd0dpdawåoka,0 yetbd&rwd (oH | 2-111)? pu©hHK acg rm*@d, ½lyg&mrH½ly&wH (r 2-171)? ½layok tm0dÚäe&oH (0dok'¨d 2-74)? pu©wDwd 0dnmPm"d|dwH or0dorH tmpdu©EÅH 0d,tbdAswåH 0'EÅH 0d, a[mwDwd taw¬m/ (r[m#D 2-87) þodkY ponfjzifh wifpm;í jyqdkaom t&mwdkYonf &maygif;rsm;pGmyif ½Sdukef\/

            xdkjyif tbdeD[m&-a½S;½Iaqmifjcif;-[lonfrSmvnf; þt&mü ]]yk&awm tbdeD[ma&m *reEÅd 0kpöwd}} [laom owdy|meokwftzGifh t|uxmüuJhodkY a½GYoGm;jcif;rQudkom qdkvdkonfr[kwfay? blwoCFm#ó a'oEŽkyÜwåd a[wkbma0g-[laom r[m#DumESifhtnD blw½kyftaygif;\ t&yftyg;ü jzpfaMumif; jzpfaom (0ga,m\) wGef;aqmifrIudkom qdkvdkayonf? xdkaMumifh wGef;vsuf-[laom 0daooe yk'fyg xnfhí ]]wGef;vsufaqmifonf}} [k qdkxm;onf/

            txl;rSwf&efrSm 0ga,m"mwfonf ur®Z pdwåZOwkZtm[m&Ztm;jzifh 4-rsdK;½Sd&mwGif pdwåZ0ga,m vdk&mbuf a½S;½I OD;wrf;rd&mbufonf ¤if;udk jzpfapaom Zeupdwf\ tvdk½Sd&mbufyif jzpfonf? xdkYaMumifh auG;jcif; qefYjcif; paom pdwåZ½kyf\ ypöKy|mefudk ajymaomtcgpdwf\ tvdk½Sd&m bufodkY aqmifoGm;yHkjzifh ½Sif;vif;ajymvQif odvG,f\? 0dyóemt&mü xdk0ga,m 4-rsdK;wdkYwGif auG;jcif; qefYjcif; vIyf½Sm;jcif; ponfjzifh udk,ftrlt&m pdwåZ0ga,m ½kyfudk trsm;qHk; ½IrSwf&\? xdkYaMumifh xdk pdwåZ0ga,m\ ypöKy|mefudk ½Sif;jyvdkufvQif azmif;rI ydefrIpaom tjcm; 0ga,m½kyfwdkY\ (twGif;buf tjyifbufpaom vdk&mbuf-a½S;½I OD;wrf;rd&mbufodkY aqmifoGm;jcif;[laom) ypöKy|mef udkvnf; xif½Sm;odEdkifawmhonf omwnf;? okdYjzpfí xdkpmydk'f\ t"dyÜg,fudk ½Sif;jy&mwGifpdwfESifh pdwåZ0ga,mudk y"meûyí ½Sif;jycJhayonf/

            þt&mü ½kyf\ ypöKy|mefudk 0dyóem r½Iaumif;[lí¤if;? 0ga,m\ ypöKy|mefudk tusdK;quf zvypöKy|mef[lí¤if;? ynwf[lí¤if; 0dw@0g'Dyk*¾dKvfwpku ajymqdkaeaom rdpäm0g'udkvnf; ½Sif;vif; jyoifhaomaMumifh ¤if;udkvnf; tusOf;csKyf ½Sif;vif;jyOD;tHh/

ypöKy|mef y'|mefwdkYjzifhvnf; ½Ityf\

            vu©P&o'D0aoe y&d*¾a[wAÁm - vu©Pm &oponfwdkY\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh odrf;qnf;tyf ukef\-[laom 0dok'¨dr*f (2-222) \ tzGifh r[m#Dumü y&d*¾[0dpdye cE¨eda'´ao 0kawåm {0gwd t"dyÜga,m-[k rdefYqdkawmfrl\/

            vu©Pm &o ponfwdkY\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh odrf;qnf;yHk tpD&ifudk 0dok'¨dr*f cE¨eda'´oü jycJYNyD? tjynfhtpHk tus,fudk odvdkvQif xdkcE¨eda'´oü jyefMunfhyg[k qdkvdk\/

            cE¨eda'´oü MunfhvQif apwoduf emrfw&m; odrf;qnf;yHk tpDt&ifudk-

    zkowDwd zaóm? oGm,H zkoevu©aPm? oCF¥e&aom? oEédygwypöKy|maem? tmygw *w0do,y'|maem-

þodkYponfjzifh-

            (1) vu©P (2) &o (3) ypöKy|mef (4) y'|mef wdkY\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh odrf;qnf;yHk ½IyHk tpDt&ifudk tjynfhtpHk jyxm;onfudk awGY&\/

            pdwf0dÓPf odrf;qnf;yHk tpDt&ifudkvnf; pu©K0dnmP"mwfponfjzifh 7-rsdK;cGJí toD;toD; vu©Pm &o ypöKy|mef y'|mef 4-rsdK;vHk;jzifh tjynfhtpHk jyxm;onfudk awGY&\/

            ½lyu©E¨m ½kyfw&m; odrf;qnf;yHk tpDt&ifudkvnf; pu©K0dnmP"mwfponfjzifh 7-rsdK;cGJí toD;toD; vu©Pm&o ypöKy|mef y'|mef 4-rsdK;vHk;jzifh tjynfhtpHk jyxm;onfudk awGY&onf/

            ½lyu©E¨m ½kyfw&m; odrf;qnf;yHkudkvnf; r[mbkwf "mwfBuD; 4-yg;rSpí xdkYtwlyif vu©Pm &o ypöKy|mefy'|mef 4-rsdK;vHk;jzifh tjynfhtpHk jyxm;onfudk awGY&\? xdkwGif "mwf 4-yg;udk þodkY jyxm;\/

    blw½lyH pwkAÁd"H yx0D"mwk tmayg"mwk awaZm"mwk 0ga,m"mwlwd? wmoH vu©P&o ypöKy|memed pwk"mwk00w¬mae 0kwåmed? y'|meawm ye wm oAÁmyd t0aoo"mwkwå, y'|mem? (0dok'¨dr*f 2-73)/

            blw½kyfonf yx0D"mwf tmayg"mwf awaZm"mwf 0ga,m"mwf[lí 4-yg; tjym;½Sd\? ¤if;wdkY\ vu©Pm&o ypöKy|mefwdkYudk pwk"mwk00w¬mefü jyqdkcJhNyD/ rjycJh&ao;aom y'|meftm;jzifh rlum; xdk"mwf 4-yg;vHk;wdkYyif <uif;aom"mwf 3-yg;vQif eD;aomtaMumif; y'|mef½Sdukef\/ (jrefrmjyef)

            txufyg 0dok'¨dr*fjzifh "mwf 4-yg;udk vu©Pm &o ypöKy|mefwdkYjzifh ½I&ef tpDt&ifonf pwk"mwk0 0w¬mefü jycJhonfhtwdkif;yif [lí¤if;? y'|mef;tm;jzifhrlum; rdrdrS<uif;aom tjcm;"mwf 3-yg;[laom y'|mefjzifh ½I&rnf[lí¤if; qdkvdk\? xdkYaMumifh pwk"mwk00w¬mefüjycJhaom ½IyHktpDt&if udk Munfh&ayvdrfhrnf? MunfhvQif atmufygtwdkif; awGY&vdrfhrnf/

    vu©Pm'dawmwd yx0D"mwk uð vu©Pm uð &om uð ypöKy|memwd {0H pwaómyd "mwka,m tm0aZÆwGm yx0D"mwk uu©Vwåvu©Pm ywd|me &om orÜ#dpäeypöKy|me? tmayg"mwk y*¢&P vu©Pm jAL[e&om o*F[ypöKy|mem? awaZm "mwk OPSwåvu©Pm y&dygpe &om r'´0gEkyÜ'ge ypöKy|mem? 0ga,m"mwk 0dw¬rÇevu©Pm ork'D&P&om tbdeD[m&ypöKy|memwd {0H vu©Pm'dawm reodumwAÁm/ (pwk"mwk00wåmeftzGifh 0dok'¨dr*f 1-362)/

            vu©Pmponftm;jzifh-[l&mü yx0D"mwfonf tb,fvu©Pm½Sdoenf;? tb,f&o½Sd oenf;? tb,fypöKy|mef½Sdoenf;[k þodkYaomenf;jzifh "mwf 4-yg;vHk;wdkYudk qifjcifNyD;vQif yx0D"mwfonf cufrmjcif; vu©Pm½Sd\ wnf&mudpöS½Sd\ cHvifhjcif; ypöKy|mef½Sd\? tmayg"mwfonf ,dkpD;jcif; vuöPm½Sd\ yGg;apjcif; udpö½Sd\aygif;pkjcif; ypöKy|mef½Sd\ awaZm"mwfonf yljcif;vu©Pm ½Sd\ &ifhusufapjcif; udpö½Sd\ El;nHhjcif;udkay;jcif; ypöKy|mef½Sd\? 0ga,m"mwfonf axmufuefjcif; vu©Pm½Sd\ vIyfjcif; vIyfapjcif; (wGef;jcif;) udpö&o½Sd\ (blwm½kyftaygif;udk) a½S;½Iaqmifjcif; ypöKy|mef½Sd\ [lí þodkY vu©Pm ponftm;jzifh ESvHk; oGif;tyfukef\/ (jrefrmjyef)

            ,ckxkwfjycJhaom r[m#DumESifhwuG 0dok'¨dr*f pum;&yfwdkYjzifh emrfw&m;wdkYudk¤if;? ½kyfw&m;wdkYudk¤if;? vu©Pm&owdkYjzifh ½ItyfouJhodkYyif ypöKy|mefjzifhvnf; ½Ityf½Iaumif;aMumif; tvGefyif xif½Sm;vSay\? xdkjyif y'|mefjzifh ½Iaumif;aMumif;vnf; xif½Sm;vSay\/

            atmufyg t|uxm#DumwdkYjzifhrlum; ½kyfudk ypöKy|mef y'|mefwdkYjzifh ½Ityf ½Iaumif;aMumif; omíyif xif½Sm;ao;\/

    £wd½lyEÅd £'H ½lyHç {wåuH ½lyHç £awm O'¨H ½lyH ew¬Dwd ½kyÜe obm0aOö0 blwkyg'g, ab'Oö tm'ð uwGm vu©P &o ypöKy|me y'|me0aoe te0aoo½lyy&d*¾a[m 0kawåm/ (okwfr[m0g t|uxm 53)/

            £wd½lyH [laom pum;jzifh ]]þonfum; ½kyfwnf;ç þrQavmufonfum; ½kyfwnf;ç þxuftvGef ½kyfonf r½SdawmhNyD}} [k azmufjyefjcif; oabmudk¤if;ç blw½kyf Oyg'g½kyf tjym;udk¤if;ç tpûyí vu©Pm &o ypöKy|mef y'|mefwdkY\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh t<uif;rJh tvHk;pHkaom ½kyfudk odrf;qnf;jcif;udk jyqdktyf\/ (jrefrmjyef)

    ww¬ vu©PH emr wó wó ½ly 0daooó tenom"m&aPm obma0g/ &aom waó0twåaem zvH ywd ypö,bma0g/ ypöKy|meH wóy&rw¬awm 0dZÆrmewåm ,mxm0awm ÓPó a*gp&bma0g/ y'|meH tmoEéum&PH? aweóypö,m,wå0kwådwm 'ódwm/ (¤if;\tzGifh#Dum 53)/

            xdkwGif vu©Pm rnfonfrSm xdkxdk (yx0D paom) ½kyftxl;\ (tmayg paom) wyg;aom ½kyfwdkYESifh rqufqHaom (uu©Vwåpaom) oabm&if;aywnf;? &o rnfonfrSm xdk½kyf\ rdrdtusdK;udk pGJí aus;Zl;ûywwfonf\ tjzpfaywnf;? ypöKy|mef rnfonfrSm xdk½kyf\ y&rw¬tm;jzifh xif½Sm;½Sd onf\ tjzpfaMumifh [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmÓPf\ usufpm;&m tm½Hk\ tjzpfaywnf;? y'|mef rnfonfrSm eD;pGmaom taMumif;aywnf;? ¤if;jzifh xdk½kyf\ taMumif;ESifhpyfaom jzpfjcif;½Sdonf\ tjzpfudk jytyf\/ (#Dum\ jrefrmjyef)

            txufyg okwfr[m0g t|uxm #DumwdkYjzifh ½kyf½IyHkjyaom £wd½lyH [laom ygVdawmfudk zGifhjy\ xdkygVdawmfrSmvnf; bk&m; tavmif;awmftm; emr½ly y&d*¾[ 0dyóemÓPfjzifh yHkudkjyaom pum;&yf jzpfayonf? þodkY½kyfoufouf½IyHkudk jy&müyif vu©Pm &o ypöKy|mef y'|mef 4-yg;vHk;jzifh ½IyHkudk wdwdusus zGifhjyxm;aomaMumifh ½kyfudk ypöKy|mefjzifh ½Iaumif;aMumif;rSm tvGefYtvGefyif xif½Sm;vSay\? xdktwlyif y'|mefjzifh ½Iaumif;aMumif;vnf; xif½Sm;vSay\/

            þodkY ½kyfudk ypöKy|mefjzifh ½IyHkudk ygVdt|uxm #DumwdkYü tvGefxif½Sm;pGm jyqdkxm;aom aMumifh ]]½kyfudk ypöKy|mefjzifh r½Iaumif;}} [k ypfy,f ajymqdkaomolonf ,ck xkwfjycJhaom okwfr[m0gygVd t|uxm; #DumESifh 0dok'¨dr*f t|uxm r[m#DumwdkYudk y,fzsuf&m a&muf\? xkdaMumifh 0dw@0g'D yk*¾dKvftjzpfodkYvnf; a&muf\? ½kyfemrf ESpfyg;vHk;udkyif y'|mefjzifh r½Iaumif;-[k ypfy,fajymqdkaom olonfvnf; tvm;wlyif tqdkyg ygVdt|uxm #DumwdkYudk y,fzsuf&mvnf; a&muf\? 0dw@0g'D yk*¾dKvftjzpfodkYvnf; a&muf\? 0dw@0g'D yk*¾dKvf[lonfrSm trSefudk trSm;jzpfatmifç trSm;udk trSefjzpfatmif rSm;,Gif;pGm ,lq ajymqdkojzifh ynm½SdwdkY\ pdwfESvHk;udk wkefvIyfapwwfaom 0g'½Sdaom yk*¾dKvfaywnf;/

0ga,m\ ypöKy|mefvnf; y&rwfyif

            ypöKy|meH wó y&rw¬awm 0dZÆrmewåm ,mxm0awm ÓPó a*gp&bma0g-½kyf\ ypöKy|mef rnfonfrSm xdk½kyf\ y&rw¬tm;jzifh xif½Sm;½Sdjcif;aMumifh [kwfwdkif; rSefpGm ÓPf\ usufpm;&m tm½Hk tjzpfaywnf;? (okwfr[m0g#Dum-53)/

            txufyg #Dumü ]]y&rw¬tm;jzifh xif½Sm;½SdaomaMumifh [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm ÓPf\ usufpm;&m tm½Hkjzpfonf}}[k txift½Sm; qdkxm;aomaMumifh 0ga,m"mwf\ tbdeD[m& ypöKy|mef udkvnf; y&rw¬tm;jzifh xif½Sm;½Sdaom [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm ÓPfü xifay:vmaom y&rw¬w&m;[líom odtyf\? 0dw@0g'DwdkY qdkouJhodkY ynwf[líum; rodtyf rrSwftyfonfomwnf;/

            y&rw¬w&m; jzpf½HkrQom r[kwfao;? ½Ivdk&if; "mwftppfvnf; jzpfao;aMumif;udk atmufyg r[m#Dumjzifhodtyf\/

            y'|meH yaew¬ tn"r®wm, e O'¨#H-y'|mefudkum; ½Ivdk&if;"mwfrS wjcm;wyg; tvGwfw&m; jzpfjcif;aMumifh þvu¨Pm'dawmt& ½Ienf;ü (t|uxmq&m) rxkwfjytyfay/ (r[m#D 1-449)/

            0dok'¨dr*fü vu¨Pm'dawmt& ½Ienf;udk tus,fjy&mwGif "mwf 4-yg;wdkYudk vu©Pm &o ypöKy|mefwdkYjzifh ½IyHkudkom jy\? y'|mefjzifh ½IyHkudkum; rjyay? xdkodkY y'|mefjzifh ½IyHkudk rjyjcif;rSm tb,faMumifhygenf;[k ar;bG,f½SdaomaMumifh r[m#Dumü txufygtwdkif; ajz½Sif;jyayonf? qdkvdkonfrSm yx0Dpaom "mwfwyg; wyg;\ y'|mefonf rdrdrS<uif;aom tjcm;"mwf 3-yg;yif jzpfonf? odkYjzpfí yx0D"mwfudk ½IvdkolrSm yx0D\ y'|mefjzpfaom tmayg awaZm 0ga,mwdkYonf ½Ivdk&if; yx0D"mwfrS wjcm;wyg; tvGwf w&m;omvQif jzpfukef\ xdktwlyif tmaygudk ½IvdkolrSm yx0D awaZm 0ga,m wdkYonf¤if;? awaZmudk ½IvdkolrSm yx0D tmayg 0ga,mwdkYonf¤if;? 0ga,mudk ½IvdkolrSm yx0D tmayg awaZmwdkYonf¤if; ½Ivdk&if;"mwfrS wjcm;wyg; tvGwfw&m;wdkYomvQif jzpfukef\? xdkYaMumifh ½Ivdk&if;"mwfudkom wnfhwnfhrwfrwf ½I&ef jyaom þ vu©Pm'dawm t&½Ienf;ü ½Ivdk&if; w&m;udk,fjzpfaom vu©Pm &o ypöKy|mefwdkYudkom jyonf? ½Ivdk&if;"mwfrS wjcm;wyg; tvGwfw&m;jzpfaom <uif;aom "mwf 3-yg;[laom y'|mefudkum; rjy-[k qdkvdk\/

            þ #Dumü toD; toD;um; "mwfwyg; wyg;\ y'|mefjzpfaom tjcm;"mwf 3-yg;udk tn"r®-½Ivdk&if;"mwfrS wjcm;wyg; tvGwfw&m;-[k qdkojzifh vu©P'dawm t& ½Ienf;ü jyxm;aom vu©Pm &o ypöKy|mefwdkYudkum; ½Ivdkaom"mwfrS wjcm;wyg; tvGwfw&m;-tn"r® r[kwf? ½Ivdk&if; y&rw¬"mwfw&m;yif jzpfonf? xdkYaMumifh ¤if;wdkYudk vu©Pm'dawm t&½Ienf;ü jyonf[lívnf; qdk&ma&muf\? okdYjzpfí 0ga,m"mwf\ vu©Pm ESifh &owdkYonf y&rwf0ga,m tppf jzpfouJhodkY 0ga,m"mwf\ tbdeD[m&ypöKy|mef udkvnf; y&rwf0ga,m tppfyif [k NrJNrHpGm rSwf,ltyfay\/

            xdktbdeD[m&ypöKy|mefonf ½Ityf ½Iaumif;aom ½Ivdk&if;vnf; jzpfaom y&rwf0ga,m tppf jzpfaomaMumifh ½Ityf ½Ioifhaom 0ga,mrStvGwf tusdK;quf zvypöKy|mefvnf; r[kwf? ½Iaom 0dyóemÓPftm; a½S;½I xifay:vmaom tmum&ypöKy|mef omvQifjzpfonf? atmufyg#Dumjzifh NrJNrHpGm qHk;jzwf tyf\/

            orÜ#dpäemuma&e ÓPó ypöKywd|wDwd orÜ#dpäe ypöKy|mem-o[Zmwfw&m;wdkYudk cHvifhaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ÓPftm; a½S;½IxifwwfaomaMumifh orÜ#dpäe ypöKy|mernf\/ (r[m#Dum 1-449)/

            txufyg r[m#Dumonf yx0D"mwf\ orÜ#Dpäe ypöKy|meyk'fudk zGifhjyaom pum;jzpfonf? xdkpum;jzifh <uif;aom tmaygawaZm 0ga,m"mwfwdkY\ ypöKy|mef wdkYvnf; Oy|memum&ypöKy|mef csnf;yif jzpfaMumif; odapygonf? xdkYaMumihfyif ¤if;"mwf 3-yg;wdkY\ t&mü ypöKy|meyk'fudk xyfí rzGifhjybJ ½Sdavonf/

            þrQjzifh 0ga,m"mwf\ tbdeD[m& ypöKy|mefrSm ynwfvnf; r[kwf? tusdK;quf zvypöKy|mefvnf; r[kwf? tmum&ypöKy|mef y&rwf0ga,myif jzpfaMumif;? xdkYaMumifhyif ¤if;tbdeD[m& ypöKy|mefjzifhvnf; 0ga,m"mwfudk 0dyóem½Ityf ½Iaumif;aMumif; NrJNrHpGm rSwf,lEdkifavmufayNyD/

þwGif t&d,m0go w&m;awmf aemufqufwGJ
½Sif;vif;csuf NyD;\/
(30-7-64)