Mahasi: The Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw's Discourses and Treatises on Buddhism

edAÁmefudk rsufarSmufjyKyHk

wó wH pdwHå ty&my&H reod ua&mawm y0wHå rowduúrdwGm tyÜ0wHå Mouúrwd? tyÜ0wårEkyÜawåm r[m&mZ or®my#dyaEém edAÁmeH opdäua&mwDwd 0kpöwd/ (rdvdEé- 311)

ty&my&H wrSwfNyD;wrSwf tqifhqifh? reod ua&mawm ESvHk;oGif; ½Iodaeaom? wó xkda,m*D\? wH pdwHå xkd½Iodaeaompdwfonf? (ty&my&H reod ua&mawm wrSwfNyD;wrSwf tqifhqifh ESvHk;oGif; ½IodaepOf?) y0wHå orwduúrdwGm rjywfjzpfaeaom ½kyfemrft,Ofudk ausmfvGefí? tyÜ0wHå rjywfjzpfaeaom ½kyfemrft,Of\ jywfpJcsKyfNidrf;jcif;oabmodkY? Mouúrwd- ouf0ifí oGm;avawmhonfwJh/

0dyóem½IaewJh yk*d¾Kvf[m t&d,r*f ra&mufcifuqdk,if ½Iwkdif; ½Iwdkif; rjywfjzpfysuf aewJh ½kyfemrfudkcsnf; awGYodae&w,f? tJ'Dvdk odae&if;xJu ½kyfemrfawGvHk;0 csKyfNidrf;uif;qdwfwJh oabmxJudk a&mufoGm;w,f? tJ'g[m t&d,r*fjzifh edAÁmefudk rsufarSmufawGYodoGm;wmbJ? 'gaMumifh 'DvkdvJ qufNyD; jyqdkxm;ygw,f/

r[m&mZ jrwfaom rdvdE´rif;BuD;? or®my#dyaEém emrf½kyfudk ydkif;jcm;odwJh ÓPfrSpí ocFg½kayu©m tEkavmrÓPfwkdifatmif rSefpGmusifhcJhonfjzpfí? tyÜ0wå rEkyÜawåm rjywfjzpfaeaom ½kyfemrft,Of\ csKyfNidrf;jywfpJjcif;oabmodkY todÓPfjzifh a&mufoGm;aom yk*d¾Kvfudk? edAÁmeH opdäua&mwDwd edAÁmefudk rsufarSmufûyonf[lí? 0kpöwd ajymqdk&ygonfwJh/

tJ'DrSm or®my#dyaEém-rSefpGmusifhcJhw,f qdkwm jrifwkdif; Mum;wdkif; eHwdkif; pm;odwkdif; xdodwkdif; BuHodwdkif; 'Gg& 6-yg;u xif½Sm;ay:vmwJh ½kyfemrfawGudk rjywf½IrSwfae&w,f? tJ'Dvdk ½IrSwfae&if; orm"dtm;½SdvmwJhtcg usawmh ½kyfeJYemrfudk ydkif;jcm;odwJh emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPfjzpfw,f? tJ'Duaemuf taMumif;eJY tusdK;udk ydkif;jcm;odwJh ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfjzpfw,f? tJ'Duaemuf ½IrSwfrdaom ½kyfemrf\ tjzpftysufudk od&wJhtwGuf tedpö 'ku© tewå csnf;bJvdkY oHk;oyfqifjcifwJh or®oeÓPf jzpfw,f? tJ'D or®oeÓPftcdkufü tjzpftysuf odwmuawmh oEÅwdtm;jzifh odwmbJ? vsifjrefpGm jzpfysufwJh cPtm;jzifh odwmawmh r[kwfao;bl;? tJ'Duaemuf cPtm;jzifh vsifjrefpGm tjzpftysufudk odwJh O',AÁ,ÓPf jzpfw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm ta&miftvif;awGudkvJ xl;jcm;pGm awGY&w,f? tvGeftuJ 0rf;ajrmufwuf<uwJh yDwdawGvJ txift½Sm;jzpfw,f? owd orm"d ÓPfawGvJ xl;jcm;pGm jzpfw,f? udk,fpdwf\ Nidrf;at;rI yó'd¨-ponfawGvJ xif½Sm;pGmjzpfw,f/

tJ'Duaemuf jzpfrI tpydkif;udk rawGY&awmhyJ vsifjrefpGm ysufysufoGm;wJh tqHk;ydkif;ukdom awGY&wJh b*FÓPfjzpfw,f? tJ'Dtcg yHkoP²mef txnfj'AfvJ rxif½Sm;awmhbl;? ½IrSwfwkdif; ½IrSwfwdkif; od&wmeJY odwm[m csufjcif;yif tvGefvsifjrefpGm ysufysufoGm;wmudkcsnf; awGYae&w,f? tJ'Dawmh rNrJwmcsnf;bJ qif;&Jcsnf;bJ tpdk;r&wJh tewåoabmw&m; csnf;bJvdkYvJ odwJhÓPf[m tvGef½Sif;vif;pGm jzpfw,f/

tJ'Duaemuf aMumufp&mvdkY xifwJh b,ÓPfjzpfw,f? tjypfjrifwJh tm'De0ÓPfvJ jzpfw,f? NiD;aiGYwJh edAÁd'gÓPfvJ jzpfw,f/ tJ'Duaemuf jzpfysufaewJh ½kyfemrfawGudk pGefYvTwfvkdwJh rkOdöwkurswm ÓPfvJ jzpfw,f? tJ'Dtcg jzpfysufaewJh ½kyfemrfawG vHk;0r½SdyJ jywfpJcsKyfNidrf;oGm;rS qif;&Jcyfodrf;uif;Nidrf;r,fvdkYvJ xifjrifwwfw,f? tJ'g[m edAÁmeftppfudk ajr§mfvifhwJh ÓPfbJ/ tJ'Dvkd edAÁmeftppfudk ajr§mfvifhNyD; ½kyfemrfawGudk pGefYvTwfcsifawmh pGefYvTwfEkdifatmif wzef ½Iod&w,f? tJ'gu y#docFgÓPfbJ/ tJ'D y#docFgÓPftm;jynfhwJhtcg ocFg&awGudk vspfvsL½IEdkifwJh ocFg½kayu©m ÓPfjzpfw,f? tJ'D ocFg½kayu©mÓPfu tvGefxufjrufodrfarGYNyD; tvGefvJaumif;ygw,f? wem&D ESpfem&D ponfMumatmif xkdifaeayr,fvdkY yifyef; qif;&Jjcif; r½Sdbl;? 3-em&D avmufxkdifNyD; ½IrSwf aewmudkvJ wcPav;vkdY xif&w,f? txl;vJ aMumifhMurpdkuf&yJ trSwftod[m aumif;NrJ aumif;aew,f? pdwfysHYvGifhjcif;vJ r½Sdbl;? tvGefyif odrfarGYEl;nHhygw,f/

tJ'DocFg½kayu©mÓPfu &ifhoef tm;jynfhwJhtcgrSm a½SUem;u ajymcJhwJhtwkdif; tEkavmrÓPf jzpfNyD; t&d,r*fjzifh ½kyfemrfocFg& csKyfNidrf;wJhoabmxJodkY usa&mufoGm;wmbJ/ ,ckajymcJhwm[m y#dordÇ'gr*fygVdawmfESifh 0dok'd¨r*fwkdYü jyxm;onfhtwkdif; or®my#dyEé- enf;vrf; rSefpGm usifhyHkygbJ/ ,ck xkwfjycJhwJh y#dordÇ'gr*fygVdESifh rdvdE´yOSmwdkYü t&d,r*fjzifh edAÁmefrsufarSmuf ûyyHkudk jyxm;&mrSm ½kyfemrfcE¨m csKyfjcif;udk awGYodyHkom jyxm;w,f? tJ'g[m omrnedAÁmefudk awGYodyHkbJ/ r*fav;yg;\ tpGrf;aMumifh toD; toD; udavomNidrf;yHkawmh 0daooedAÁmefbJ? tJ'D 0daooedAÁmefawGYodyHkudkawmh 'D y#dordÇ'gr*fESifh rdvdE´yOSmwdkYrSm jyrxm;bl;? tJ'gudk txl;owd ûyMu&r,f/

'gayrJh tJ'D 0daoo edAÁmef[m udavomcE¨mwdkY\ csKyfjcif; jzpfí omrnedAÁmefü twGif;0ifaeojzifh toD;tjcm; edAÁmefr[kwfaMumif;udk a½SUem;ydkif;u ½Sif;jycJhygNyD? 'Dae&mrSm ,ckvdk us,fus,fjyefYjyefY ajyma[mae&wmuawmh "r®'dEémax&Du t&d,r*¾if½Spfyg;udk ouúm,eda&m" ac:wJh edAÁmefodkY a&mufwwf - a&mufapwwfwJh r*¾opömjzpfaMumif; ajz½Sif; jyxm;aomaMumifh 0dyóemr*fudk rSDNyD;awmh t&d,r*fjzpfwJhtcg tJ'D eda&m"opömac:wJh edAÁmefrsufarSmufûyyHk tm½HkûyyHkudk odem;vnfMu &atmifvdkY xyfrHNyD; ½Sif;jy&wmygbJ/ 'gavmufqdk,if em;vnfavmufygNyD/

,ck ajymcJhwJhtwkdif; "r®'dEémax&D\ opömav;yg; ajzMum;csufudk Mum;em;&wJh tcg "r®'dEém omoemawmfü aysmfarGY aeaMumif;udk 0domcaoa|;BuD;u odoGm;ygowJh? bmaMumifh od&ovJ qdkawmh omoemawmfü raysmfarGYwJholqdk,if ,ck ar;orQjyóemudk twdtusajzMum;&ef rwwfEkdif aybl;? "r®'dEémuawmh twdtus ajz½Sif;jyEdkifw,f? 'gaMumifh omoemawmfü aysmfarGYaeNyDvdkY od&ygowJh/

'gayrJh avmuü v aersm; xif½Sm;aeovdkyif Ak'¨omoemawmfrSm opömav;yg;uvJ xif½Sm;aew,f? y&dowftv,fü jrwfpGmbk&m;ua&m r[max&fjrwfrsm;ua&m opömav;yg;udkyif azmfjya[mMum; aeMuw,f? ½Sif&[ef;ûypuwnf;u av;ckqdkwm bmvJ? t&d,opömav;yg;bJvdkY tar;tajzudk oif,lapw,f? "r®'dEémuvJ ÓPfaumif;w,f? Mum;emjcif;jzifhvJ enf;,lNyD;ajzMum; Edkifw,f? 'gaMumifh 'DajzMum;csufrQjzifh opömav;yg;udk xkd;xGif;odNyD;jzpfw,fvdkY rqHk;jzwfEkdifao;bl;? opömav;yg; cGJjcm;ar;wm ajzEkdifrS qHk;jzwfEdkifr,fvdkY BuHawG; NyD;awmh 0domcaoa|;BuD;u 'Dvkd ar;jyefygowJh/

Oyg'gefESifh Oyg'geu©E¨mtar;

wan0 Ekacg ta,s Oyg'geH aw yOöKyg'geu©E¨m? O'g[k tnMw yOö[kyg'geu©aE¨[d Oyg'geH/

ta,s-t½Sifr "r®'dEém? wan0 Oyg'geH - xdkpGJvrf;wwfaom Oyg'gefonfyifvQif? aw yOöKyg'geu©E¨m Ekacg-xdkig;yg;aom Oyg'geu©E¨mwkdY jzpfMuygoavm? O'g[k-xdkodkYr[kwfvQif? Oyg'geH-Oyg'gefonf? yOö[d Oyg'geu©aE¨[d tnMw-Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg;wkdYrS wyg; wjcm; tvGwfw&m; jzpfygoavm wJh/

Oyg'geu©E¨mvkdY qdk&mrSm Oyg'gefeJY Oyg'geu©E¨mqdkwm twlwlbJvm;? wjcm;pDvm;vkdY ar;wmygbJ/ 'Dtar;udk ajzbkdY&m rvG,fygbl; cufygw,f? 'gayrJh "r®'dEémax&Duawmh y#dorÇd'gÓPf xl;rsm;eJY jynfhpHkaewJh &[EÅmr txl;jzpfwJhtwGuf csufjcif;yif 'Dvdk ajzMum;vdkufygw,f/

Oyg'gefESifh Oyg'geu©E¨mtajz

e acg tm0kaom 0domc wan0 Oyg'geH aw yOöKyg'geu©E¨m? emyd tnMw yOö[kyg'g eu©aE¨[d Oyg'geH/ a,m acg tm0kaom 0domc yOöok Oyg'geu©aE¨ok qE´&ma*g? wH ww¬ Oyg'geH/

tm0kaom 0domc 'g,um 0domc? wan0 Oyg'geH xkdOyg'gefonfyifvQif? aw yOöKyg'geu©E¨m xkdig;yg;aom Oyg'geu©E¨mwdkYonf? eacg- r[kwfMuyg/ Oyg'geH Oyg'gefonf? emyd yOö[d Oyg'geu©aE¨[d tnMw Oyg'geu©E¨m ig;yg;wkdYrS wjcm;wyg; tvGwfw&m;vJ r[kwfyg/

Oyg'gefeJY Oyg'geu©E¨m[m t&wlvJ r[kwfygbl;? Oyg'gefu wjcm;ç Oyg'geu©E¨mu wjcm; 'Dvkd vHk;vHk; uGJjym;aewmvJ r[kwfygbl;wJh/ 'gjzifh b,fvdkygvJvkdY ar;p&m½SdwJhtwGuf 'DvdkqufNyD; ajz½Sif;jyygw,f/

tm0kaom 0domc 'g,um 0domc? yOöok Oyg'geu©aE¨ok ig;yg;aom Oyg'geu©aE¨wdkYü? a,m qE´&ma*g tMuif vdkcsif wyfrufrI qE´&m*½Sdygonf? wH xkdvdkcsifwyfrufrI qE´&m*onf? ww¬ xkdcE¨mig;yg;ü? Oyg'geH pGJvrf;rI Oyg'gef jzpfygonfwJh/

qE´&m*[m Oyg'gefbJwJh? qE´qdkwm vdkcsifESpfoufwJh wPSmbJ? &m* qdkwmvJ wyfrufwJh pGJvrf;wJh wPSmbJ? vkdcsifESpfouf wyfrufom,mNyD; pGJvrf;wJh wPSmudk Oyg'gefvdkY qdkwmygbJ? tJ'D pGJvrf;wJh wPSmu b,f[mudk pGJvrf;NyD; jzpfwmvJ qdkawmh (yOöok caE¨ok) ½kyf a0'em onm ocFg& 0dnmPf qdkwJh cE¨mig;yg;ü vdkcsifwyfrufNyD; pGJvrf;wmygbJwJh/ cE¨0*¾oH,kwfygVd (81) ykPÖrokwf rSmvJ &[ef;wyg;u ar;vdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;u ajzMum;xm;wm½Sdygw,f? 'Dokwfu ar;yHkajzyHkeJY xyfwlygbJ? 'gaMumifh okwåefa'oemawmft& tm;jzifh Oyg'gefqdkwm qE´&m* qdkwJh wPSmOyg'gef wyg;wnf;om ½Sdygw,f? tJ'Dawmh Oyg'gefonfyif Oyg'gefeu©E¨m jzpfw,fqdk,if pGJvrf;wwfwJh wPSmomvQif Oyg'geu©E¨m rnfw,fvdkY qdk&vdrfhr,f? 'Dvdkqdkawmh ½kyf a0'em onm 0dnmOfawG[m Oyg'geu©E¨mrrnfyJ ½Sdvdrfhr,f? aemufNyD;awmh wPSmrSwyg;aom ocFg&ac:wJh apwoduf 49-yg;[mvJ Oyg'geu©E¨mrrnfyJ ½Sdvdrfhr,f? Oyg'geu©E¨monfyif Oyg'gefbJvdkY qdk,ifvJ ½kyf a0'em onm ocFg& 0dnmPfqdkwJh cE¨mig;yg;vHk; Oyg'efrnfw,fvdkY qdk&vdrfhr,f? tJ'Dvkd Oyg'gefESifh Oyg'geu©E¨m[m t&wlawmh r[kwfbl;? Oyg'gef[m cE¨mig;yg;rS tvGwfvdkY qdk,ifvJ qE´&m* qdkwJh wPSmOyg'gef[m cE¨mrrnfbl;vdkY qdk&vdrfhr,f? tJ'DvkdvJ r[kwfbl;? 'gaMumifh Oyg'gefeJY Oyg'geu©E¨m[m twlwlbJvm; qdkwJh ar;cGef;udkvJ y,fcJhw,f? wjcm;pDvm; qdkwJh ar;cGef;udkvJ y,fcJhw,f/

trSefawmh qE´&m* qdkwJh wPSmOyg'gef[m ocFg& Oyg'geu©E¨mxJ tygt0if jzpfygw,f? 'gayrJh wPSmrS wyg;aom ocFg&Oyg'geu©E¨m (49) yg;uawmh Oyg'gefr[kwfbl;vkdY 'Dokwåmefa'oem t& qdk&rSmbJ? tbd"r®ma'oemt& qdk,ifawmh tJ'D 49-yg;xJu 'd|dvJOyg'gefrnfw,fvkdY qdk&rSmbJ/ tJ'D tbd"r®ma'oemESifh okwåefa'oem nDnGwfatmif ,lcsif,ifawmh jy"mef;wJh wPSmudk Oyg'gef[k qdk,if rjy"mef;wJh 'd|dvJyg0ifw,fvdkY qdk&rSmbJ? tJ'D tbd"r®m a'oemü jyxm;wJh Oyg'gef 4-yg; taMumif;udkawmh ESm (13) ü ½Sif;jycJhygNyD/

,ck Oyg'geu©E¨mwdkYü pGJvrf;rI qE´&m*onf Oyg'gefrnfonf qdkwJh ajzMum;csuft& xyfrHNyD; ½Sif;jyygOD;r,f? tbd"r®ma'oemt& 'd|dOyg'gefudkvJ xnfhoGif;NyD; jy&rSmbJ? jrifqJ Mum;qJ ponfü r½IrrSwfvdkY xif½Sm;wJh rsufpd½kyf tqif;½kyfponfudk ESpfoufwyfrufNyD; pGJvrf;,if wPSm Oyg'gefjzpfwmbJ? twåaumif igaumiftaejzifh xifrSwfNyD; pGJvrf;,if 'd|dOyg'efjzpfwmbJ? jrifvdkY Mum;vdkY aumif;wm raumif;wm paom cHpm;rIudk ESpfoufom,mNyD; pGJvrf;,if wPSmOyg'gef jzpfwmbJ? igu cHpm;w,fvdkY xifrSwfNyD; pGJvrf;,if 'd|dOyg'gef jzpfwmbJ? rSwfom;rIonmudk ESpfoufom,mNyD; pGJvrf;,if wPSmOyg'gef jzpfwmbJ? igu rSwfom;w,fvkdY xifrSwfNyD; pGJvrf;,if 'd|dOyg'gefjzpfwmbJ? ocFg&u©E¨muawmh tvGefrsm;jym; us,f0ef;ygw,f? w&m;udk,faygif; ig;q,f ½Sdygw,f? xif½Sm;wmwcsdKYavmuf azmfjy&rSmbJ? jrifcdkuf Mum;cdkufponfrSm xifay:wJh tJ'D ocFg&awGxJu odrI BuHrI ajymrI ûyrINyD;atmif vHIYaqmfay;wJh apwemudk jzpfap? ESvHk;oGif;rI reodum&udk jzpfap? vkdcsifESpfoufwm pdwfqdk;wm xifjrif,lqwm ponfudkjzpfap? rvdkcsifwm csrf;omapcsifwm oemwm MunfndKwm ponfudkjzpfap ESpfoufom,mNyD; pGJvrf;,if wPSmOyg'gef jzpfwmbJ/ igu vHIYaqmfay;w,f igu vdkcsifw,f igu pdwfqdk;w,f igu rvdkcsifbl; ponfjzifh xifrSwfNyD; pGJvrf;,if 'd|dOyg'gefjzpfwmbJ jrifodwm Mum;odwm ponfudk ESpfoufom,mNyD; pGJvrf;,if wPSm Oyg'gef jzpfwmbJ? igu jrifw,f Mum;w,f? jrifwm Mum;wm igbJ ponfjzifh xifrSwfNyD; pGJvrf;,if 'd|dOyg'gefjzpfwmbJ/ 'gu cE¨mig;yg;ü pGJvrf;rIjzpfyHkbJ/

tJ'Dvdk wPSmjzifh ESpfoufom,mNyD;awmh jzpfap 'd|djzifh txifrSm; t,lrSm;NyD;awmh jzpfap tpGJvrf;cH&wJh ½kyfa0'em onm ocFg& pdwf0dnmPf qdkwmawGu Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg;bJ? tJ'Dvdk wPSm'd|dwkdYjzifh tpGJvrf;rcH&apumrl pGJvrf;p&mjzpfwJh cE¨mig;yg;udkvJ Oyg'geu©E¨mvkdY ac:&wmbJ? 0dyóem½INyD; tedpö 'ku© tewå[k trSefwdkif; od&wJh ½kyfemrfawGudkvJ r½Irdygu wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh pGJvrf;EdkifaomaMumifh Oyg'geu©E¨mvkdY ac:&wmygbJ/ tJ'D Oyg'gefESifh Oyg'geu©E¨mwkdYudk wdkwdkeJY rSwf&atmif aqmifyk'fpDxm;wm ½Sdw,f/ tJ'gudk vdkufqdkMu&r,f/

1/ xifvGJç om,m? pGJvrf;wm? ESpfjzm Oyg'gef/

txifvGJNyD; pGJvrf;wmu 'd|dOyg'gef? ESpfoufom,mNyD; pGJvrf;wmu wPSmOyg'gefvkdY qdkvdkw,f? aemufwyk'fukdvJ qkdMu&r,f/

2/ igç ighOpöm? pGJEdkifwm? Oyg'geu©ef/

igaumiftaejzifh txiftjrifrSm;NyD; pGJvrf;EdkifwJh ½kyfemrfcE¨mawG? ighOpömtaejzifh ESpfoufom,modrf;ydkufNyD; pGJvrf;EdkifwJh ½kyfemrf cE¨mawGudk Oyg'geu©E¨m ac:w,fvdkY qdkvdkwmygbJ/ aemuffwyk'fudkvJ qdkMu&r,f/

3/ ½kyfç a0ç onm? ocFg&m? 0dnm þig;wef/

(1) ½kyf? (2) a0'em? (3) onm? (4) ocFg&? (5) 0dnmPac:wJhpdwf='Dig;yg;udk Oyg'g eu©E¨mvdkYac:w,f? bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh jrifcdkufponfrSm r½IEdkifvkdY tedpö ponfjzifh trSeftwkdif; rod,if tJ'D½kyf a0'emponfudk igtaeç ighOpömtaejzifh pGJvrf;w,f? tJ'Dvdk tpGJvrf;cH&rnfh w&m;rsm;jzpfaomaMumifhygbJ/ 'gavmufqdk,if Oyg'gefeJY Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg;udk em;vnfavmufygNyD/ txl;rSwfp&muawmh wPSmeJY 'd|d[m pGJvrf;wufvdkY Oyg'gefvJ rnfw,f? tpGJvrf;cH&vdkY Oyg'g eu©E¨mvJrnfw,f? tJ'D wPSmeJY 'd|d[m ocFg&Oyg'geu©E¨mxJrSm yg0ifaew,fqdkwmudkvJ odem;vnfxm;MubdkYygbJ/

Oyg'gefESifh Oyg'gefeu©E¨m tajzudk Mum;&awmh 0domcaoa|;BuD;u "r®'dEémudk y#dordÇ'g ÓPfxl;rsm;ESifh jynfhpHkwJh &[EÅmr jzpfaeaMumif; ,HkMunfqHk;jzwfNyD; ouúm, 'd|dtaMumif;udk qufar;jyefygw,f? ar;yHkuawmh-

ouúm,'d|djzpfyHktar;

uxH yema,s ouúm,'d|d a[mwdwJh/

ta,s-t½Sifr "r®'dEém? ouúm,'d|d ouúm,'d|donf? ig xif½Sm;½Sdaom ½kyfemrftaygif;ü twåaumif igaumif[k xifrSm;aom t,lonf? uxH ye a[mwd tb,fodkY jzpfygoenf;/

ouúm,'d|du b,fvdk jzpfygovJ? b,fvdk qif,ifouúm,'d|d jzpfygovJvkdY ar;wmygbJ/ jrifwkdif; Mum;wdkif; awGYwkdif; odwdkif; xif½Sm;jzpfay:wJh ½kyfemrfw&m;awG[m wu,fxif½Sm;½SdwJh ouúm,bJ? tJ'D wu,fxif½Sm;½SdwJh ½kyfemrftaygif;udk touf½SifaewJh igaumiftaeeYJ xifrSwfwm[m ouúm,'d|dbJ? tJ'D ouúm,'d|djzpfyHkudk ar;wmygbJ? tJ'gudk "r®'dEémax&Du 'Dvdk ajzMum;ygw,f/

ouúm,'d|djzpfyHktajz

£"m0kaom 0domc tókw0g ykxkZÆaem t&d,meH t'óm0D t&d,"r®ó taum0da'g t&d,"ar® t0deDawm oyÜK&domeH t'ó0DoyÜK&do "r®ó taum0da'g oyÜK&do "ar® t0deDawm ½lyH twåawm roEkyówd? ½ly0EHÅ 0g twåmeH? twåed 0g ½lyH? ½lyo®ð 0g twåmeH? a0'eH twåawm orEkyówd? a0'em0EHÅ 0g twåmeH? onH....? ocFga&...? 0dnmPH twåawm orEkyówd? 0dnmP0EHÅ 0g twåmeH? twåed 0g 0dnmPH? 0dnmPo®ð 0g twåmeH/ {0H acg tm0kaom 0domc ouúm,'d|d a[mwd/

tm0kaom 0domc 'g,um 0domc? £" þavmuü? tókb0g tMum;tjrif r½Sdaom? ykxkZÆaem vlrsm;pkxJ tygt0if ykxkZOfyk*d¾Kvfonf? ½lyH-½kyfudk? twåawm twåaumif igaumif[k? orEkyówd-xifrSwf\-wJh/

tJ'g[m ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHkygbJ? avmurSm yk*d¾Kvfu ESpfrsdK;½Sdw,f? ykxkZOfac:wJh vlrsm;pk 0ifuwrsdK;? t&d,mac:wJh bk&m;wynfhom0u-u wrsdK; 'Dvkd ESpfrsdK;½Sdw,f? ykxkZOfeJY t&d,maygh? ykxkZOfxJrSmvJ tMum;tjrif okwr½SdwJh tE¨ykxkZOfuwrsdK;ç tMum;tjrif okw½SdwJh uvsmP ykxkZOfuwrsdK; 'Dvdk ESpfrsdK;uGJao;wmbJ? tJ'D ESpfrsdK;xJrS ,ckajymwJh ykxkZOfuawmh tMum;tjrif r½SdwJh tE¨ykxkZOfbJ? tJ'gu b,fvkd[mvJ qdk,if/

tm*rm"d* rmbm0g? aOa,sm tókw0g£wd/

tm*rm"d*rmbm0g-bk&m;a[m w&m;udk rMum;bl;jcif;ç ÓPfxl;w&m;xl;udk r&jcif;aMumifh? tókw0g £wdtMum;tjrif r½Sdol[lí? aOa,sm odtyf\vkdY qdkxm;wJhtwkdif; ½kyfemrfrQ taMumif; tusdK;rQom ½Sdw,f? touf½SifaewJh twåaumif&,fvdkY r½Sdbl;qdkwJh bk&m;a[m w&m;udk rMum;bl;,if okw-qdkwJh Mum;embl;jcif; r½SdwJholbJ? 0dyóemtvkyfudk tm;rxkwfbl; ao;vkdYç tm;xkwfayrJh emr½ly y&dapä'ÓPfudk ra&mufao;vkdY 0dyóemÓPfxl;ESifh t&d,r*f ÓPfxl;udk r&ao;,if tjrifqdkwJh okwr½SdwJholbJ? tJ'Dvkd tMum;tjrif okwr½SdwJh ykxkZOfu ½kyfudk twåaumifvkdY xifrSwfaew,f? tJ'g[m ouúm,'d|dbJ? xif½Sm;½SdwJh ½kyfudk twåaumif igaumifvkdY xifwmbJ? b,fvdkvJqdkawmh- jrifwJhtcg rsufpdeJY tqif;[m wu,f½SdwmbJ? Mum;wJhtcg em;eJY toH[m wu,f½SdwmbJ? eHwJhtcgrSm ESmacgif;eJY teHY[m wu,f½SdwmbJ? pm;odwJhtcg vQmeJY t&om[m wu,f½SdwmbJ? xdodwhJtcg udk,ftMunfheJY xdp&m[m wu,f½SdwmbJ? tJ'D wu,f ½SdaewmawGu ½kyfw&m;bJ? tJ'D½kyfw&m;udk touf½SifaewJh twåaumif igaumifvkdY xifwm[m txifrSm; t,lrSm;bJ? 'gaMumifh tJ'Dvdk txifrSm; t,lrSm;udk ouúm, 'd|dvkdY qdk&wmbJ? tMurf;tm;jzifh ajym&,if ½kyfudk,fBuD;udk twåaumif igaumifvdkY xifaewmygbJ/

tJ'Dvkd txiftjrif rSm;wmu bmaMumifhvJqdk,if tMum;tjrifqdkwJh okb r½SdvkdYygbJ? okwqdkwm Mum;w,fvkdYom rlv&if;teuf½Sdygw,f? 'gayrJh t|uxmrSm tm*rokweJY t"d*rokwvdkY 2-rsdK; cGJjym;xm;w,f? tm*rokw qdkwm bk&m;a[m w&m;pum;udk Mum;em rSwfom;bl;wmygbJ? tJ'gudk tMum;vkdY teufjyefqdkxm; Muygw,f/ t"d*rokw qdkwmawmh 0dyóemÓPfxl; r*fÓPfxl;udk&NyD; trSefudk odjrifwmygbJ? tJ'gudk tjrifvkdY teufjyefqdkxm; Muygw,f? aomwmywdå r*fÓPfjzifh edAÁmefudk odjrifNyD;jzpf,ifawmh 'Douúm,'d|d-u vHk;vHk; rjzpfEkdifawmhbl;? 0dyóemÓPf jzifh ½kyfemrfudk ydkif;jcm;odjrif,ifvJ tJ'D 'd|d[m rjzpfyJ uif;a0aewwfygw,f? ,ckazmfjywJh ykxkZOf uawmh tJ'D 0dyóemÓPf r*fÓPfxl;rsm; r&ao;vkdY tjrifokwvJ r½Sdblp;? ]]½kyfemrfrQom ½Sdw,f? twåqdkwm r½Sdbl;}} vkdY a[mxm;wJh bk&m;w&m;udk Mum;emrSwfom;bl;wJh okwuvJ r½Sdbl;? 'gaMumifh ½kyfudk,fBuD; wckvHk;udkvJ twåaumif igaumifvdkY xifrSm;w,f? rsufpdeJY tqif; paom tao;pdwf ½kyfudkvJ twåaumif igaumifvdkY xifrSm;w,f-vdkY qdkvdkwmygbJ/ twåvkdY xifrSm;jcif;\ taMumif;u tMum;tjrifr½SdwmrQyJvm; qdkawmh 'djyif taMumif;awGvJ

t&d,meH- t&d,myk*d¾KvfwkdYukd? t'óm0D-rjrifao;onfjzpfívJ twåvkdY xifrSm;ygw,f wJh/ yuwdrsufpdeJY t&d,myk*d¾Kvfudk jrifawGYaeayr,fvkdY t&d,mwkdY\ ÓPfjzifh rodrjrifao;,if t&d,mudk rjrifbl;vkdY qkd&wmbJ? udk,fwdkifu t&d,m rjzpfao;,if t&d,mukd rjrifao;bl;vdkY qdkvdkwmygbJ/ jrwfpGmbk&m;[m w&m;OD;a[mbdkY&m O½ka0vawmt&yfrS Am&PoDûrdUodkY <uoGm;wJhtcg vrf;c&D;rSm OyuqdkwJh wuúwGef;eYJ awGYw,f? wuúwGef;qdkwm t0wf r0wfyJ usifhwJh &aohwrsdK;ygbJ? ,cktac:eJY qkd,if *sdef;&aohvdkY qdk&rSmaygh? tJ'D OyuwuúwGef;u teEÅZdevdkY tac:cHxkdufyg&JU vm;vkdY jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ar;w,f? teEÅZde qdkwm tqHk;tykdif;tjcm;r½Sd tukefvHk;atmifEkdifbl;vkdY teuf½Sdw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;u tmoa0gukef&modkY a&mufNyD;awmh tukodkvf udavom [lorQudk t<uif;rJh atmifEdkifNyD; jzpfaomaMumifh Zde-vdkY tac:cHxkdufaMumif; ajzMum;ygw,f? 'gayrJh OyuwuúwGef;u jrwfpGmbk&m;rSef; t&d,myk*d¾KvfrSef; rodbl;? 'gaMumifh ([kay,syg0kaom) oifajymwJhtwkdif; [kwfaomfvJ [kwf&m\-vkdY 'gavmufom axmufcHajymMum;NyD;awmh vrf;a½Smifay;NyD; olYvrf; oloGm;wmbJ? tJ'g[m bk&m;udk oludk,fwdkifvJ yuwdrsufpdjzifh jrifw,f? ZdernfaMumif; ajymwmudkvJ Mum;&w,f? 'gayrJh olu t&d,mÓPf tjrifr½SdvkdY bk&m;rSef; t&d,mrSef; rodbll;/

Am&mPoDûrdY rd*'g0kefawmt&yf yOö0*D¾awGxH a&mufawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u tûrdufw&m;udk &vmNyD? iga[mwJh w&m;udk emMuvkdY zdwfrefwdkufwGef;wJhtcg yOö0*D¾awGu r,HkMubl;? bk&m; jzpfvmaMumif; t&d,mjzpfvmaMumif; rodMubl;? tpmrpm;yJ usifhaewmawmif w&m;xl;udk r&ygyJeJY tpmBurf;awG pm;NyD; usifhrS w&m;&vmw,fqdkwm rjzpfEdkifbl;vkdYawmif Niif;aeMuao;w,f? oHk;Budrfwkdifwkdif jiif;y,faeMuw,f? a½S;u 'Dvdk igu ajymwmukd Mum;bl;&JUvm;vkdY owday;vdkuf awmhrS [kwfavmufw,fvdkY ,HkMunfNyD; w&m;udk emMuw,f? jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mwJh "r®pMumokwfw&m;udk emae&if; yOö0*D¾ig;yg;xJu t&Sifaum@n[m aomwmywdår*fzdkvfa&mufNyD; aomwmyef t&d,m jzpfoGm;w,f? tJ'DawmhrS t½Sifaum@n u udavomuif;wJh bk&m;tppfjzpfaMumif;odNyD; bk&m;wynfh &[ef;tjzpf awmif;yefw,f? jrwfpGmbk&m;u {[dbdu©K-vkdYac:NyD; &[ef;ûyay;awmfrlw,f/ tJ'g[m-

"r®H yóaEÅm rH yówd/ "r®H r*fzdkvfedAÁmefw&m;udk? yóaEÅm-ÓPfjzifh jrifhaom olonf? rH igbk&m;udk? yówd- jrifonfvkdY a[mawmfrlwJh twkdif; w&m;odvkdY bk&m;udk jrifodwmbJ? tJ'Dvkd w&m;rod,ifawmh bk&m;udkvJ rjrifbl;? t&d,mudkvJ rodrjrifbl;? tJ'Dvkd t&d,w&m;udk r&ao;vkdY t&d,mudk rjrifao;,if twåpGJu ½Sdaeao;wmbJ? t&d,meH t'ó0D- t&d,mwkdYudk rjrifao;bl; qdkwmeJY tókw0g- w&m;xl;udk jrifwJhokw r½Sdbl; qdkwm[m oabmtm;jzifh twlwlygbJ? ydkNyD;ay:vGifatmifvkdY 'D*kPfyk'fjzifh xyfNyD;Nyqdkxm;wmygbJ/ aemufNyD;awmh-

t&d,"r®ó- t&d,mw&m;ü? taum0da'g- ruRrf;usifao;aom qdkwJh 0daooe yk'f[mvJ t&d,mwkdYudk rjrifao;bl; qdkwmeJY t&wlygbJ? t&d,mwdkY\ w&m;qdkwmu owdy|mef 4-yg;? or®yÜ"mef 4-yg;? £'d¨yg'f 4-yg;? £a`E´ 5-yg;? Adkvf 5-yg;? aAmZÑif 7-yg;? r*¾if 8-yg;qdkwJh aAm"dyud©,w&m; 37-yg; ygbJ/ tJ'D t&d,mw&m;awGrSm uRrf;usifw,fqdkwmuvJ tJ'Dw&m;awG rdrdoEÅefü jzpfatmifusifhrS uRrf;usifwm? pmayusef;*efavhvmvdkY EIwfwwf&NyD; 'dkif;'dkif;ajy; aus>yefaeayr,fvkdY rusifh,ifawmh uRrf;usifw,fvkdY rqdk&bl;? 'gaMumifh tJ'Dw&m;awGrSm uRrf;usif apvkdvQif owdy|mefponfawGudk rdrdoEÅmefrSm jzpfyGm;atmif usifhbdkYvkdygw,f? owdy|mefav;yg; jzpfyGm;atmif usifhae,if or®yÜ"mefpaom aAm"dyud©,w&m;awG tm;vHk;yif rdrdoEÅmefrSm jzpfNyD;awmh tJ'Dw&m;awGrSm uRrf;usifwmygbJ/

,ck 'DrSm w&m;tm;xkwf aeMuwJh a,m*DawG[m (*päaEÅm 0g *pämrDwd yZmemwd- ponfjzifh) a[mxm;wJh owdy|meokwfw&m;awmfESifh tnD oGm;,if oGm;w,fvdkY ½IrSwfaeMu&w,f? &yf,if xkdif,if avsmif;,if auG;,if qefY,if &yfw,f? xkdifw,f? avsmif;w,f? auG;w,f? qefYw,fvdkY ½IrSwfaeMu&w,f? 0rf;Adkufuazmif;wdkif; ydefwdkif; azmif;w,f ydefw,fvdkY ½IrSwfaeMu &w,f? tJ'g[m udk,ftrlt&mudk jzpfwkdif; jzpfwkdif; ½IrSwfNyD; um,mEkyóem owdy|mefukd yGm;aeMuwmbJ/ tJ'gudk twdkcsKyf rSwf&atmif (udk,ftrlt&m? jzpfwkdif;rSm? rSefpmod&rnfvdkY) aqmifyk'fpDxm;w,f? tJ'gudk qdkMu&r,f/

1/ udk,ftrlt&m? jzpfwkdif;rSm? rSefpGmod&rnf/

azmif;w,f ydefw,f ponfjzifh udk,ftrlt&mudk ½IrSwfae&if; vdkcsifESpfoufrIpaom pdwful;BuHpnfrI jzpfay:vm,if tJ'gudkvJ pdwful;w,f BuHpnfw,f vdkcsifw,f ponfjzifh ½IrSwfae Mu&w,f? tJ'g[m (o&m*H 0g pdwHå o&m*H pdwåEÅd yZmemwd) wyfrufrIESifhwuG jzpfaompdwfudkvJ wyfrufrIESifhwuG jzpfaom pdwf[k od\ ponfjzifh a[mxm;wJh owdy|meokwfw&m;awmfESifhtnD pdwftrlt&mudk &rSwfNyD;odwJh pdwåmEkyóem owdy|mefudk yGg;aewmbJ/ tJ'geJY qdkifwJh aqmifyk'fudk qdkMu&r,f/

2/ pdwftrlt&m? jzpfwkdif;rSm? rSefpGm od&rnf/

udk,fxJrSm anmif;rI ylrI emusifrIpaom rcHomwJh 'ku©a0'emawG xif½Sm;jzpfay:vmwJh tcg anmif;w,f ylw,f emw,f ponfjzifh ½IrSwfaeMu&w,f? pdwfysufrI 0rf;omrI paom cHpm;rIawG jzpfay:vm&wJhtcgvJ pdwfysufw,f 0rf;omw,f ponfjzifh ½IrSwfaeMu&w,f? tJ'g[m (okcH 0g a0'eH a0',rmaem okcH a0'eH a0',mrDwd yZmemwd) csrf;omwJh cHpm;rIudk cHpm;aevQifvJ csrf;omwJh cHpm;rIudk cHpm;onf[k od\/ qif;&JwJh cHpm;rIudk cHpm;aevQifvJ qif;&JwJhcHpm;rIudk cHpm;onf[k od\- ponfjzifh a[mxm;wJh owdy|meokwfw&m;awmfESifhtnD cHpm;rIa0'emudk ½IrSwfNyD; odwJh a0'emEkyóemowdy|mefudk yGg;aewmbJ? tJ'geJY qdkifwJh aqmifyk'fudk qdkMu&r,f/

3/ aumif;ç qdk;ç vwfyg? a0'em? ay:wm od&rnf/

aumif;wJhcHpm;rIç qdk;wJhcHpm;rIç tvwfpm;cHpm;rIqdkwJh a0'em oHk;yg;xJu jzpfay:vmwJh a0'emudk ½IrSwfNyD; od&r,fvdkY qdkvdkwmygbJ? aemufNyD;awmh jrifwkdif; Mum;wdkif; awGYwkdif; odwdkif;vJ jrifw,f Mum;w,f ponfjzifh ½IrSwf aeMu7w,f? tJ'g[m (pu©KOö yZmemwd? ½lay p yZmemwd) rsufpdudkvJ od\? tqif;wdkYudkvJ od\- ponfjzifh a[mxm;wJh owdy|meokwf w&m;awmfESifh tnD oabmw&m;udk ½IrSwfNyD;odwJh "r®mEkyóem owdy|mefudk yGg;aewmbJ/ tJ'geJY qkdifwJh aqmifyk'fudk qdkMu&r,f/

4/ oabmw&m;? xifay:jim;? ydkif;jcm;od&rnf/

jrifrI Mum;rIpaom oabmw&m;awG xifay:,if tJ'gawGudkvJ ½IrSwfNyD; ydkif;jcm; od&r,fvdkY qdkvdkwmygbJ/ 'djyifvJ umrtm½Hkudk vkdcsifESpfoufrI pdwfqdk;rIpaom eD0&P oabmw&m;awG jzpfay:vm,if tJ'gawGudk ½IrSwfNyD; od&r,f? 'gayrJh tJ'gawGudk ½IrSwfNyD; odwmuawmh BuHodrIoabmudk ½IrSwfodwmxJ twGif;0ifaew,fvdkYvJ qdkEkdifygw,f/

owdy|mefudk yGg;apwkdif; aAm"dyu©d,w&m;rsm; yg0ifyHk

,ck ajymcJhwJhtwkdif; owdy|mef 4-yg;udk yGg;ap,if or®yÜ"mef 4-yg;vJ yg0ifwmbJ? yg0ifyHkuawmh ½IrSwfrI jzpfatmif tm;xkwfwm[m or®yÜ"mefvHkYvbJ? ½IrSwfwkdif; ½IrSwfwdkif; rjzpfbl;wJh tukodkvf rjzpf&atmif tm;xkwfrIvJ NyD;pD;w,f (1) tjzpfbl;wJhtukodkvf rjzpf&atmif tm;xkwfrIvJ NyD;pD;w,f? (OyÜEé) jzpfNyD; tukodkvfvdkYqdk&wJh tm&r®PmEko,tukodkvf jzpfcGifhr&atmif tm;xkwfrIvJ NyD;pD;w,f (2) rjzpfbl;ao;wJh 0dyóemukodkvfeJY t&d,r*fukodkvf jzpfatmif tm;xkwfrIvJ NyD;pD;w,f (3) jzpfNyD; 0dyóemukodkvf wnfwHhatmif wkd;wufatmif jynfhpHkatmif tm;xkwfrIvJ ½IrSwfwdkif; NyD;pD;w,f (4) 'gaMumifh ½IrSwfwdkif; ½IrSwfwdkif; or®yÜ"mef 4-yg;vJ yg0ifNyD;jzpfaMumif; xif½Sm;ygw,f/

£'d¨yg'f 4-yg;xJuvJ wck wck yg0ifNyD;pD;wmbJ? yg0ifyHkuawmh xufoefwJh vdkvm;rIudk rSDNyD; ½IrSwfwJhtcg qE´d'd¨yg'f yg0ifw,f (1)? xufoefwJh tm;xkwfrIudk rSDNyD; ½IrSwfwJhtcg 0D&d,d'd¨yg'f yg0ifw,f (2) xufoefwJhpdwfudk rSDNyD; ½IrSwfwJhtcg pdwdå'd¨yg'f yg0ifw,f (3)? xufoefwJh ÓPfudk rSDNyD; ½IrSwfwJhtcg 0DrHod'd¨yg'f yg0ifw,f (4) 'gaMumifh ½IrSwfwdkif; ½IrSwfwdkif; £'d¨yg'fwyg;yg; yg0ifaMumif; xif½Sm;ygw,f/

½IrSwfwkdif;w&m;udk ,HkrI pdwfMunfvifrI yg0ifaew,f/ tJ'gu o'd¨a`E´bJ (1)? ½IrSwfrI jzpfatmif tm;xkwfwmu 0D&d,a`E´bJ (2)? trSwf&wJh owdy|mefu owda`E´bJ (3) ½IrSwfrdwJh tm½Hkü pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf uyfNyD; pdwfwnfwmu orm"da`E´bJ (4) ½IrSwfrdwJh oabmtm½Hkudk trSeftwdkif; odwmu ynda`E´bJ (5) 'gaMumifh ½IrSwfwdkif; ½IrSwfwdkif; £a`E´ig;yg; yg0ifaMumif; xif½Sm;ygw,f/

Avudk AdkvfvkdY teufjyefxm;Muw,f? bm0emudpö\ taxmuftyHhjzpfwJh cGeftm;ygbJ? tJ'D o'¨g 0D&d,owd orm"d ynmqdkwJh Adkvfig;yg;uawmh £a`E´ig;yg;eJY twlwlygbJ/ 'gaMumifh tJ'D Adkvfig;yg;yg0ifaMumif;vJ xif½Sm;ygw,f/

aAmZÑif ckepfyg;xJu owdoarÁmZÑif qdkwm owdy|mefeJY twlwlbJ? "r®0dp, oarÁmZÑif qdkwmu ynda`E´eJY t&wlygbJ? 0D&d,oarÁmZÑifqdkwm 0D&d,da`E´eJY t&wlygbJ? orm"doarÁmZÑif qdkwm orm"da`E´eJY t&wlygbJ? xl;jcm;wmuawmh yDwdyó'd¨ Oayu©m qdkwJh 'DaAmZÑif oHk;yg;om½Sdw,f? tJ'D oHk;yg;xJuvJ yDwdESifh yó'd¨u O',AÁ,ÓPf jzpfcdkufrSm tvGefxif½Sm;ygw,f? Oayu©m[mvJ txl;aMumifhMurpdkuf&bJ trSwfaumif;aewJhtwGuf xif½Sm;wmbJ? 'gayrJh ocFg½kayu©mÓPfusawmh olu tvGefyif xif½Sm;ygw,f? 'gaMumifh owdy|mefudk yGm;ap&mü aAmZÑif (7) yg;vJ yg0if jynfhpHkaMumif; xif½Sm;wmygbJ/

r*¾if½Spfyg;xJu or®m'd|d or®m0g,mr or®mowd or®morm"d qdkwJh 4-yg;uawmh owdy|mef or®yÜ"mef orm"da`E´ ynda`E´ponfwkdYESifh t&wlygbJ? or®mouFyÜ qdkwmuvJ or®m'd|dESifh wygwnf;jzpfNrJ r*¾ifrdkY ynda`E´ponfESifh wygwnf; jzpfaMumif; xif½Sm;ygw,f? oDvr*¾ifoHk;yg; uawmh ½IrSwfcdkufü w&m;ukd,ftjzpfjzifh rygbl;? 'gayrJh oDvaqmufwnf usifhoHk;uwnf;u jynfhpHkvmcJhw,f? ½IrSwfcdkufrSmvJ oDvu jynfhpHkNrJjynfhpHk pifMu,faew,f? 'gaMumifh ½IrSwfcdkufü or®m0gpm ponfvJ jynfhpHkaew,fvdkY qdkEdkifygw,f? wenf;tm;jzifhqdk,if t&d,r*fcPü oDv ysufaMumif; oEÅmemEko, udavomawGudk y,f½Sif;EdkifwJh or®m0gpmponf yg½Sdwmudk 0dyóem ½IcdkufüvJ oDvysufaMumif;jzpfwJh tm&r®PmEko, tajccH udavomawGudk y,f½Sif;EdkifaomaMumifh or®m0gpm ur®EÅ tmZD0 qdkwJh oDvr*¾if oHk;yg;vJ w'*F y[mefudpö NyD;aomtm;jzifh yg0ifjynfhpHk w,fvdkY qdkoifhwmygbJ/ tJ'g[m ½IrSwfqJü r*¾if½Spfyg; yg0ifNyD;pD;yHkygbJ/

,ck ajymjycJhwJhtwkdif; owdy|mefw&m;udk yGg;apvQif t&d,mjzpfaMumif; t&d,"r®qdkwJh aAm"dyud©,w&m; 37-yg;vHk; rdrdoEÅmefü jzpfyGg;w,f? jzpfyGm;awmh tJ'D t&d,"r®ü uRrf;usifw,f? uRrf;usifawmh tJ'D t&d,"r®\ tpGrf;jzifh ½IrSwfrdwJh ½kyfemrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewå[k ydkifydkifEkdifEdkifod&w,f/ owdy|mefudk ryGg;apwJh olrSmawmh t&d,mjzpfaMumif; w&m;ü ruRrf;usifbl;? 'gaMumifh ½kyfemrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewåvdkY rodbl;? edpö okc twåvdkYom xifaew,f? tJ'Dvdk twåvkdY xifrSm;jcif;\ taMumif;udk odapvdkojzifh ]]ykxkZOf[m t&d,"r®ü ruRrf;usifonfjzpfí twå[k xifrSwfaew,f}} qdkwmudk azmfjywmygbJ/

aemufNyD;awmh t&d,m"ar®-t&d,jzpfaMumif; w&m;ü? t0deDawm-rqHk;r&ao;onfjzpfívJ twå[k xifrSm;aeygw,fwJh? tJ'DrSm t0deDawm rqHk;r&ao;bl; qdk&mwGif oH0&0denf;ig;yg;ç y[me0denf; ig;yg;wdkYjzifh rqHk;r&ao;í r,Ofaus;ao;aMumif;udk t|uxmü zGifhjyxm;ygwm,f? tJ'gudkawmh ouúm,'d|duif;yHk tajzusrS ½Sif;jyr,f? tJ'Du aemuf oyÜK&domeH t'ó0D-ollawmf aumif;wdkYudk rjrifao; rodao;ívJ twå[k xifrSm;w,f ponfjzifh azmfjyxm;yHkuawmh t&d,meH t'óm0D ponfeJY twlwlygbJ? olawmfaumif;qdkwm t&d,mudk qdkwmygbJ? 'gaMumifh tJ'gawGudkawmh tus,fcsJYNyD; zGifhjyajyma[mp&m rvkdygbl;? ,ck tJ'Dpum;&yfudk w0guswnf; taejzifh em;vnf&atmif wqufwnf; teufjyefjyyg OD;r,f/

w0guswnf;qufí teufjyefyHk

tm0kaom 0domc 'g,um 0domc? £" vltrsm;[k qdktyfaom þavmuxJü? tókw0g tMum; tjrifr½Sdaom? ykxkZÆaemoluef;ozG,f tE¨ykxkZOfonf? t&d,meH t'óm0D t&d,mwdkYudk rodrjrifao;onf jzpfí? t&d,"r®ó taum0da'g-t&d,m jzpfaMumif;w&m;ü ruRrf;usifao; rodao;onf jzpfí? t&d,"ar® t0deDawm t&d,mjzpfaMumif;w&m;ü rqHk;r&ao;onfjzpfí? oyÜK&domeH t'óm0Dt&d,m olawmfaumif;wkdYukd rodrjrifao;onfjzpfí? oyÜK&do"r®ó taum0da'g olawmfaumif; w&m;ü ruRrf;usifao; rodao;onfjzpfí? oyÜK&do"ar®t0Dedawm olawmfaumif; w&m;ü rqHk;r&ao;onf jzpfí ½lyH ½kyfudk twåawm twåaumif igaumif[k orEkyówd xifrSwf\wJh/

tJ'DrSm teufjyef½dk; jyefpOfuawmh t&d,meH t'óm0D t&d,mwdkYudk rodrjrifao;aom? ...oyÜK&do"ar® t0deDawm olawmfaumif;w&m;ü rqHk;r&ao;aom ykxkZÆaem ykxkZOfonfvdkY 0daooe 0daoostjzpfjzifh jyef&ygw,f? 'gayrJh 0daooeawGu rsm;aeawmh qufpyf,lbdkY cufcJaerSm pdk;vdkY 'DrSmawmh tJ'D0daooeyk'fawGudk taMumif;jytaejzifh teufjyefqdkvdkufjcif; jzpfygw,f/

qdkvdk&if; twdkcsKyfuawmh tMum;tjrif r½Sdao;wJh tE¨ykxkZOf[m t&d,m olawmfaumif; awGudkvJ rodrjrifao;bl;? t&d,m olawmfaumif; w&m;üvJ ruRrf;usifao;bl;? t&d,molawmfaumif; w&m;üvJ rqHk;r&ao;vdkY r,Ofaus;ao;bl;? 'gaMumifh 'DtE¨ykxkZOfu ½kyfudk twåvkdY xifrSm;aew,f? tJ'Dvkd xifrSm;wm[m ouúm, 'd|dbJvdkY qdkvdkygw,f/

ouúm, qdkwm a½SUem;ydkif;u jycJhwJhtwkdif; xif½Sm;½SdwJh ½kyfemrftaygif;bJ? yk'fNyD;yHk uawmh oaEÅm-xif½Sm;½Sdaom? uma,m-taygif;onf? ouúma,m-ouúm, rnf\/ oEÅrS jzpfvmwJh o-u xif½Sm;½SdonfwJh um,u taygif;wJh? oeJYum, 2-ckwGJvdkufawmh xif½Sm;½SdwJhtaygif;vdkY teuf&w,f? tJ'DrSm taygif;qdkwmu ½kyfemrftaygif;udk qdkwmbJ? 'gaMumifh ouúm,qdkwm xif½Sm;½SdwJh ½kyfemrftaygif;bJ? 'gayrJh 'd|djzifh txiftjrifrSm;wJhtcgrSmawmh ½kyfoufoufudk txiftjrifrSm;wmvJ ½Sdw,f? emrfoufoufudk txiftjrifrSm;wmvJ ½Sdw,f? ½kyfemrftaygif;udk txiftjrifrSm;wmvJ ½Sdw,f? ,ck jyqdkcJhwJhpum;jzifh ½kyfoufoufudk twå[k txiftjrifrSm;yHkudk jyqdkwmygbJ/

½kyfqdkif&m ouúm,'d|d 4-yg;

tJ'g[m ½kyfukd,fBuD;wckvHk;udk twå[k xifrSm;wmvJ ½Sdygw,f? rsufpdtqif;paom tao;pdwf ½kyftoD;toD;udk twå[k xifrSm;wmvJ ½Sdw,f? udk,fhvufajcponfudk jrifwJhtcg rsufpd½kyfudkvJ twåvkdY igvkdY txifrSm;w,f? jrif&wJh tqif;½kyfudkvJ twåvkdY igvkdYtxifrSm;w,f? Mum;wJhtcg xdkod&wJhtcg ponfüvJ em;½kyf udk,ftMunf½kyf xdod&wJh ½kyfponfudk twåvkdY igvdkY txifrSm;w,f? tJ'D rsufpd½kyf tqif;½kyf em;½kyf udk,ftMunf½kyf xdod&wJh½kyfponfudk waygif;wnf; ûyNyD; wudk,fvHk;udkvJ twåvkdY igvdkY txifrSm;w,f/

udk,fhudk,fxJu ½kyfudk txifrSm;ovdkyif olwyg;udk,fxJu jrif&wJhtqif;½kyf xdod&wJh tawGU½kyfwkdYudkvJ touf½SifaewJh twåaumif owå0gaumifvdkY txifrSm;w,f? olwyg;\ ½kyfudk,fBuD;wckvHk;udkvJ twåaumif owå0gaumifvdkY txifrSm;w,f/

"mwfBuD;av;yg;t& qdk,if Murf;wrf; El;nHhacsmnufwJh yx0D½kyfudkvJ twåvdkY txifrSm;w,f? ylaEG; at;wJh awaZm½kyfudkvJ twåvkdY txifrSm;w,f? awmifhwif;vIyf½Sm;wJh 0ga,m½kyfudkvJ twåvdkY txifrSm;w,f? pdkxdkif;aewJh tmayg½kyfudkvJ twåvkdY txifrSm;w,f? tJ'D"mwfav;yg;udk tpGJûyí rdrd\udk,f½kyf olwyg;\ udk,f½kyfudkvJ twåvkdY txifrSm;w,f/ 'gavmuf qdk,if ½lyH twåawm orEkyówd ½kyfudk twå[k xifrSwf\ qdkwJh ouúm,'d|d twå'd|dac:wJh (twåvdkY) txiftjrifrSm;yHkudk em;vnfavmufygNyD/

,ckajymcJhwm[m ½kyfoufoufudk twåvkdY xifrSm;yHkbJ? tJ'g[m ½kyfcE¨meJYpyfNyD; ouúm,'d|djzpfyHk trSwf (1) yJ? tJ'Dvdk ½kyfoufoufudk twåvkdY xifrSwfawmh jrifodrI Mum;odrI BuHodrI cHpm;rIpaom emrfw&m;awGudk twåaumif igaumif\ pGrf;&nfvdkY xifrSwfw,f/

½kyfcE¨meJY pyfNyD; ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHk trSwf (2) uawmh twåmeH twåudk? ½ly0EHÅ 0g ½kyf½Sdonf[lí rlvnf;? orEkyówd xifrSwf\wJh/ twúrSm ½kyf½Sdw,fvkdY xifrSwfw,fwJh? tJ'guawmh BuHodrI jrifodrIpaom emrfw&m;udk twåvkdY xifrSwfNyD;½kyfudkawmh tJ'DemrftwåeJY yl;wGJNyD; jzpfaewJh t½Sdeft0gvkdY xifrSwfw,f? bmudkvJ qkd,if opfyifudk rSDNyD; t&dyf½SdwmvdkY tJ'Demrftwåudk rSDNyD; ½kyfukd,fBuD;wnf½Sdaew,fvdkY xifjrifwmygbJ? twåudk rSDNyD; ½kyfudk,fBuD;jzpfvmyHk[m yuwd0g' ½Sdol\ t,lESifh cyfwlwlyif? yuwd0g'udk tus,fodvkdygu 0dok'd¨r*f r[m#Dumedó, pwkw¬wGJ (211) ponfrSm MunfhEdkifygw,f? 'DtrSwf (2) ouúm,'d|duawmh twårSm ½kyf½Sdw,fvkdY t,ltpGJygbJ/

½kyfeJYpyfNyD; ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHk trSwf (3) uawmh- twåed 0g twåürlvnf;? ½lyH-½kyfudk? orEkyówd xifrSwf\wJh? 'gu ½kyfudk,fBuD;[m twåudk rSDNyD; wnfaew,fvdkY xifrSwfwJh t,lygbJ? bmvdkwkef;qdk,if yef;yGifhxJü teHYwnfaeovdkygbJwJh/ 'guvJ BuHodrIpaom emrfudk twåvkdY,lNyD; ½kyfu tJ'Dtwåudk rSDNyD; wnf½Sdaew,fvkdY ,lqwmygbJ? 'Dt,ludk ay:vGifatmif jybdkYuawmh rvG,fygbl;/

trSwf (4) t,ljzpfyHkuawmh ½lyoð® 0g ½kyfürlvnf; twåmeH twåudk? orEkyówd xifrSwf\wJh/ BuHodrIpaom emrfudk twåvdkY ,lNyD; tJ'D twåu ½kyfudk,fxJrSm wnfaew,fvkdY ,lqxifrSwfwmygbJ? 'Dvkd ,lqxifjrifwmuawmh rsm;yHkay:ygw,f? Ak'¨omoem0ifawG xJrSmawmif w&m;awmftMum;rjrif r½SdwJh olawGu tJ'Dtwdkif; xifaeMuw,f? aowJhtwåaumifu udk,fxJrS wjcm;xGufoGm;vdkY xifaeMuw,f? b0opfrSm jzpfwJhtcgvJ tJ'Dtwåaumifu trd0rf;wGif; 0ifNyD;wnfaew,fvkdY xifMuw,f? tJ'g[m ½kyfukd,fudk rSDNyD; pdwfemrftwåaumif wnfaew,fvkdY ,lqyHkygbJ/

trSefuawmh Ak'¨w&m;awmft&tm;jzifh twåaumif&,fvkdY r½Sdygbl;? taMumif;tm;avsmfpGm ½kyfemrfawG rjywf qufpyfNyD; jzpfaewJh ½kyfemrftpOfrQom ½Sdygw,f? aocgeD;rSm udavom ruif;ao;,if uH ur®edrdwf *wdedrdwfqkdwJh tm½HkoHk;ckxJu wckckudk pGJrSwfNyD;ae&if; aemufqHk;pdwf csKyfoGm;w,f? aemufxyf½kyfemrftopfvJ tJ'DoEÅmefrSm rjzpfvmawmhbl;? 'gaMumifh aow,fvdkY qdk&wmbJ? 'gayrJh vHk;vHk;jywfpJoGm;wmawmh r[kwfbl;? pGJvrf;cJhwJh tm½Hkudk tm½Hkûyvsuf uHtm;avsmfpGm XmetopfrSm pdwfemrftopfjzpfw,f? pdwfemrf\ rSD&m½kyftopfvJ jzpfw,f? tJ'DtpqHk; ½kyfemrfawG csKyfoGm;wJhtcg aemufaemuf ½kyfemrftopfawGvJ qufum qufum rjywfjzpfaew,f? tJ'g[m uHtaMumif;aMumifh b0opf½kyfemrfawG jzpfyHkbJ? aemufqHk; pdwfcsKyfoGm;wJhtcgvJ taumifvkduf aysmufysufoGm;wawmh r[kwfbl;? taumifvdkuf tjcm;XmeodkY a½TUoGm;wmvJ r[kwfbl;/ 'g[m Ak'¨w&m;awmft& aoyHkeJY b0topfjzpfyHkygbJ/

'gayrJh tJ'Dvkd w&m;udk rMum;&ao;wJh olawG? Mum;&aomfvJ oabmraygufao;wJh olawGuawmh rSD&mjzpfwJh ½kyfudk,fBuD; ysufpD;oGm;wJhtcg odwwfwJh twåaumifu wjcm;xGufoGm;w,f ponfjzifh xifjrif,lqaeMuwmbJ/ tJ'g[m twåaumif igaumifu ½kyfudk,fBuD;udk rSDNyD; wnfaew,fvkdY xifrSwfwJh ouúm,'d|d twå'd|dygbJ/ ½kyfcE¨meJYpyfNyD; ouúm,'d|d 4-yg; jzpfyHkuawmh jynfhpHkoGm;ygNyD? wdkwdkeJY rSwfod&atmif vkdufqdkMu&r,f/

ouúm,'d|d ESpfq,f

1/ ½kyfudk twåaumif xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/
2/ twåaumifrSm ½kyf½Sdw,f xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/
3/ twåaumifü ½kyfwnfaeonf xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/
4/ ½kyfudk,fxJü twåaumifwnfaeonf xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/

þonfum; ½kyfcE¨mESifh pyfí txifrSm;aom ouúm, 'd|d 4-yg; jzpfonf/

½kyfeJY pyfNyD; twå'd|d ouúm,'d|d 4-yg;jzpfovkdyif a0'empaom emrfcE¨m 4-yg;eJY pyfNyD;awmhvJ ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHkudk 4-yg;pDyif jyqdkxm;ygw,f/ a0'emeJY pyfNyD; jzpfyHkuawmh-

a0'eH cHpm;rIa0'emudk? twåawm twå[k? orEkyówd xifrSwf\/ twåmeH twåudk? a0'em0EHÅ 0g-- a0'em½Sdonf[lívnf;? xifrSwf\? twåed 0g twåü rlvnf;? a0'eH a0'emudk? xifrSwf\? a0'em, 0g a0'emürlvnf;? twåmeH twåudk xifrSwf\wJh/

cHpm;rI a0'emudk twåaumif igaumifvdkY xifrSwfwmvJ ½Sdw,f? tJ'gu b,fvkdvJ qdkawmh udk,fxJ pdwfxJaumif;wm csrf;omwmudkvJ igvkdY xifw,f? raumif;wm qif;&JwmudkvJ igvkdYxifw,f? raumif;rqdk; aeomxkdifom tv,ftvwfjzpfaewmudkvJ igvkdYw,fx,f? tJ'g[m a0'emoHk;yg;udk igaumif twåaumifvdkY txifrSm;wJh ouúm,'d|dbJ? tJ'DvkdxifwJh t,lu a0'emrSwyg;aom pdwfemrfw&m;awGudkvJ igaumifvkdY rxifbl;? ½kyfw&m;awGudkvJ igaumifvkdY rxifbl;? cHpm;rIoufoufudkom igvkdYxifwmwJh? tJ'gu a0'emeJY pyfNyD; ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHktrSwf (1)yJ/

trSwf (2) uawmh twåaumif igaumifrSm cHpm;rI ½Sdw,fvdkY xifrSwfw,f? trSwf (3) uawmh twåudk rSSDNyD; cHpm;rI jzpfw,fvdkY xifrSwfw,f? trSwf (4) uawmh a0'emudk rSDNyD; twåu wnf½Sdaew,fvkdY xifrSwfw,f? tJ'D trSwf (2-3-4) t& ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHkuawmh a0'emudk twåvdkY rxifyJ usefwJh ½kyfemrfawGudk twåvkdY xifrSwfwmygbJ/ tJ'gvJ wdkwdkeJY rSwf&atmif vkdufqdkMu&r,f/

1/ a0'emudk twåaumif xifwmu ouúm,'d|dwyg;/
2/ twåaumifrSm a0'em½Sdw,f xifwmu ouúm,'d|dwyg;/
3/ twåaumifü cHpm;rIjzpfonf xifwmu ouúm,'d|dwyg;/
4/ cHpm;rIü twåaumif wnfaeonf xifwmu ouúm,'d|dwyg;/

þonfum; a0'emcE¨mESifh pyfí txifrSm;aom ouúm,'d|d 4-yg; jzpfonf/

onmeJY pyfNyD; 'd|djzpfyHkuawmh onH rSwfom;rI onmudk? twåawm twå[k? orEkyówd xifrSwf\/ twåmeH twåudk? onm0EHÅ 0g onm½Sdonf[lírlvnf;? xifrSwf\? twåed 0g twåürlvnf;? onH-onmudk? xifrSwf\? onm, 0g-onmürlvnf;? twåmeH-twåukd xifrSwf\wJh/

rSwfom;rI onmudk twåaumif igaumifvkdY xifrSwfwmvJ ½Sdw,f? b,fvkdvJ qdkawmh jrif& Mum;&wmawG rSwfrdwmvJ igbJ? eH& pm;od&wmawG rSwfrdwmvJ igbJ? awGYxdwm BuHodwmawG rSwfrdwmvJ igbJ? bmrqdk rSwfrdwm[m igbJ? awGUod&wmawGudk rarhatmif rSwfxm;Ekdifwm igbJ? pmayoif,lavhvm&mrSm rarhatmif rSwfxm;Edkifwm igbJ? tpp t&m&m rarhatmif rSwfxm;Edkifwm[m igbJvdkY xifrSwfw,f? tJ'g[m rSwfom;rI onmudk twåaumif igaumifvdkY txifrSm;wJh ouúm, 'd|dbJ/ 'Dvdk xifwJht,lu onmrSwyg;aom pdwfemrfw&m;awGudkvJ igaumifvdkY rxifbl;? ½kyfw&m; awGudkvJ igaumifvkdY rxifbl;? rSwfom;rI oufoufudkom igvkdYxifwmbJ/ tJ'gu onmeJY pyfNyD; ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHk trSwf (1) yJ/

trSwf (2) uawmh twåaumif igaumifrSm rSwfom;rI½Sdw,fvkdY xifrSwfw,f? trSwf (3) uawmh twåudk rSDNyD; rSwfom;rI jzpfw,fvkdY xifrSwfw,f? trSwf (4) uawmh onmudk rSDNyD; twåu wnf½Sdaew,fvkdY xifrSwfw,f? tJ'D trSwf (2-3-4) t& ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHkuawmh onmudk twåvkdY rxifyJ usefwJh ½kyfemrfawGudk twåvdkY xifrSwfwmygbJ/ tJ'gvJ wdkwdkeJY rSwf&atmif vkdufqdkMu&r,f/

1/ onmudk twåaumif xifwmu ouúm,'d|dwyg;/
2/ twåaumifrSm onm½Sdw,f xifwmu ouúm, 'd|dwyg;/
3/ twåaumifü rSwfom;rI jzpfonf xifwmu ouúm, 'd|dwyg;/
4/ rSwfom;rIü twåaumif wnfaeonf xifwmu ouúm, 'd|dwyg;/

þonfum; onmcE¨mESifh pyfí txifrSm;aom ouúm,'d|d 4-yg; jzpfonf/

ocFg&u©E¨meJYpyfNyD; 'd|djzpfyHkuawmh ocFga&-ûyvkyftm;xkwfrI ocFg&wdkYudk? twåawm twå[k? orEkyówd xifrSwf\? twåmeH twåudk? ocFg&0EHÅ 0g ocFg& awG½Sdonf[lírlvnf;? xifrSwf\/ twåed 0g-twåürlvnf;? ocFga&-ocFg&wkdYukd? xifrSwf\? ocFga&ok 0g-ocFg& wkdYürlvnf;? twåmeH-twåmudk? xifrSwf\-wJh/

ocFg& qdkwm oHeJY u&-rS jzpfvmwmbJ? NyD;pD;atmifaumif;pGm ûyw,fvdkY teuf½Sdw,f? BuHrI ajymrI ûyvkyfrI jrifrI Mum;rI eHodrI pm;odrI xdodrIawG NyD;pD;atmif vHIYaqmfay;wJh apwemESifhwuG zó {u*¾wm reodum& 0dwuf 0dpm& avmb a'go arm[ tavmb ta'go tarm[ o'¨g owdpaom emrfw&m;awGygbJ? tJ'gawG[m pdwfeJY ,SOfwGJNyD; waygif;wnf; jzpfaomaMumifh apwodufvkdY ac:w,f? ta&twGuftm;jzifh (50) ½Sdw,f? tJ'Dapwdouf (50) xJrSm apwemu jy"mef;vkdY apwemudk ocFg&vkdY uHvkdY a[mjyxm;ygw,f? 'gayrJh avmbponfESifhwuG jzpfwJhtcg avmb a'go arm[ rme 'd|d 0dpdudpämponfuvJ xif½Sm;w,f? tavmb ta'go todÓPf o'¨g owdponfuvJ xif½Sm;w,f? 0dwuf 0dpm& 0D&d, yDwd ponfuvJ xif½Sm;w,f? tJ'D xif½Sm;wJh ocFg&awGudk twåaumif igaumifvkdY xifrSwfwmvJ ½Sdw,f? xifrSwfyHkuawmh apwem xif½Sm;wJhtcg vHIUaqmfwkdufwGef;wmudk igvdkY xifw,f? avmbponf xif½Sm;wJhtcg vkdcsifwm pdwfqdk;wmponfudk igvkdY xifw,f? tavmbponf xif½Sm;wJhtcg rvkdcsifwm onf;cHwm odjrifwm Munfñkdwm ponfudk igvkdY xifw,f? 0dwufponf xif½Sm;wJhtcg BuHawG;wm qifjcifwm tm;xkwfwm 0rf;ajrmufwm ponfudk igvkdY xifw,f? tJ'g[m ocFg&awGudk twåaumif igaumifvkdY xifrSwfykH ygbJ/ tJ'Dvdk xifrSwfwm[m ocFg&awGudk twåvdkY xifrSm;wJh ouúm,'d|dbJ? tJ'DvdkxifwJht,lu a0'emonm pdwfqdkwmawGudkvJ igvkdY rxifbl;? ½kyfawG udkvJ igvdkY rxifbl;? BuHpnf ajymqdk ûyvkyfrIqdkwJh ocFg&awGudkom igvkdY xifwmwJh? tJ'gu ocFg&u©E¨meJY pyfNyD; ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHk trSwf (1)yJ/

trSwf (2) uawmh twåaumif igaumifrSm BuHpnfrI ajymqdkrI ûyvkyfrI ocFg&awG ½Sdw,fvdkY xifrSwfw,f? trSwf (3) uawmh twåudk rSDNyD; ocFg&awG jzpfMuw,fvkdY xifrSwfw,f? trSwf (4) uawmh ocFg&awGudk rSDNyD; twåu wnf½Sdaew,fvkdY xifrSwfw,f? tJ'DtrSwf (2-3-4) t& ouúm, 'd|d jzpfyHkuawmh ocFg&awGudk twåvkdY rxifyJ usefwJh a0'em onm pdwfeJY ½kyfw&m;awG udkom twåvkdY xifrSwfwmbJ? tJ'gvJ wdkwdkeYJ rSwf&atmif vkdufqdkMu&r,f/

1/ ocFg&awGudk twåaumif xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/
2/ twåaumifrSm ocFg&awG½Sdw,f xifwmu ouúm,'d|dwyg;/
3/ twåaumifü BuHrI ajymrI ûyrI jzpfonf xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/
4/ BuHajymûyrIawGü twåaumif wnfaeonf xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/

þonfum; ocFg&u©E¨mESifh pyfí txifrSm;aom ouúm,'d|d 4-yg; jzpfonf/

0dnmPu©E¨meJY pyfNyD; 'd|d jzpfyHkuawmh 0dnmPH 0dnmPfac:onfh pdwfudk? twåawm-twå[k? orEkyówd xifrSwf\/ twåmeH-twåudk? 0dnmP0EHÅ 0g-pdwf0dnmPf ½Sdonf[lírlvnf;? xifrSwf\/ twåed 0g-twårlüvnf;? 0dnmPH-pdwf0dnmPfudk? xifrSwf\? 0dnmPoð® 0g pdwf0dnmPfrlüvnf;? twåmeH-twåudk? xifrSwf\wJh/

0dnmPfqdkwm pdwfygbJ? pdwf qdkwmuawmh Armpum;vdk jzpfaeygNyD? uav;oli,fupNyD; em;vnfaewJh trnfygbJ? tJ'D pdwf 0dnmPfu jrifodwm Mum;odwm eHodwm t&omodwm xdodwm BuHodwmudk 6-yg;½Sdw,f? tJ'DtxJrSm BuHodw,f qdkwmuawmh tifrwef us,fjyefY rsm;jym;ygw,f? tJ'D jrifrI paom pdwfudk twåaumifvkdY xifrSwfwmvJ ½Sdw,f? b,fvkdvJqdkawmh jrifodwmudk igvkdYxifw,f? igu jrifw,fvkdY xifw,f? xkdYtwlyif Mum;odwm eHodwm pm;odwm xdodwmawGudkvJ igvdkY xifw,f? pdwful;BuHodwmudkvJ igvkdYxifw,f? igu BuHaew,fvdkY xifw,f? tJ'g[m pdwf0dnmPfudk twåaumif igaumifvdkY txifrSm;wJh ouúm, 'd|dbJ? 'Dvdk xifwJht,lu ½kyfukd,fBuD; wckvHk;udk twå[k rxifbl;? pdwfeJY yl;wGJNyD; jzpfwJh zó a0'empaom apwoduf (52) yg; emrfw&m;awGudkvJ twå[k rxifbl;vdkYyJ usrf;*eft&tm;jzifh rSwfom;&ygw,f? 'gayrJh vltrsm;\ t,ltquawmh tJ'D zó a0'emponf awGudkvJ pdwfvkdYyJ rSwf,lxm;vsuf ½SdaeMuygw,f? 'gaMumifh pdwfudk twåaumif igaumifvkdY xifrSwf&mrSm zó a0'em paom emrfw&m;awGudkvJ twåvkdY xifrSwfaeMurSmygbJ? odkYaomfvJ usrf;*eft& tm;jzihfawmh pdwf0dnmPfudk twåvkdY xifrSwfwJh t,lu pdwfoufoufudkom igvkdY xifrSwfwmygbJ? 'g[m pdwf0dnmPfeJY pyfNyD; ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHk trSwf (1)yJ/

trSwf (2) uawmh twåaumif igaumifrSm jrifodrIpaom pdwf½Sdw,fvdkY xifrSwfw,f? trSwf (3) uawmh twåudk rSDNyD; jrifodrIpaom pdwfjzpfw,fvdkY xifrSwfw,f? trSwf (4) uawmh pdwfudk rSDNyD; twåu wnf½Sdaew,fvdkY xifrSwfw,f? tJ'D trSwf (2-3-4) t& ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHkuawmh pdwfudk twåvdkY rxifyJ ½kyfudk,fBuD;eJY zópaom apwodufemrfawGudkom twåvkdY xifrSwfrdwmbJ? tJ'gvJ wkdwkdeJY rSwf&atmif vdkufqkdMu&r,f/

1/ pdwfudk twåaumif xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/
2/ twåaumifrSm pdwf½Sdw,f xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/
3/ twåaumifü pdwfjzpfonf xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/
4/ pdwfü twåaumif wnfaeonf xifwmu ouúm,'d|d wyg;/

þonfum; 0dnmPu©E¨mESifh pyfí txifrSm;aom ouúm,'d|d 4-yg;jzpfonf/

,ck a[mjycJhwm[m bk&m;a[m a'oemawmfESifh tnD "r®'dEémax&Du ajzMum;wJh ouúm,'d|d jzpfyHkawGygbJ? tJ'DrSm cE¨mig;yg;wGif wyg;wyg;ü 'd|djzpfyHk 4-yg;pD½Sdw,f? 'gaMumifh (5_4=20) ig;yg;av;vD 20-½Sdw,f? ouúm,'d|d 20-qdkwm 'D[mawGygbJ? tJ'gudk omNyD; vG,fvG,feJY rSwfcsif,if ouúm,'d|d wyg;wyg; jzpfyHkudk cE¨m 5-yg;eJY ,SOfwGJNyD;awmhvJ rSwf,lEdkifygw,f? b,fvkdvJqdkawmh-

ouúm,'d|d ESpfq,f rSwfzG,fwenf;

trSwf (1) ½kyfudk twåvkdY xifonf?
a0'emudk twåvkdY xifonf?
onmudk twåvdkY xifonf?
ocFg&wdkYudk twåvdkY xifonf?
0dnmPfudk twåvdkY xifonf?
aygif; 5-yg;/

trSwf (2) twårSm ½kyf½Sdw,fvdkY xifw,f?
twårSm a0'em½Sdw,fvdkY xifw,f?
twårSm onm½Sdw,fvdkY xifw,f?
twårSm ocFg&awG ½Sdw,fvdkY xifw,f?
twårSm 0dnmPf½Sdw,fvdkY xifw,f?
aygif; 5-yg;/

trSwf (3) twåü ½kyfwnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
twåü a0'emwnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
twåü onmwnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
twåü ocFg&awG wnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
twåü 0dnmPfwnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
aygif; 5-yg;/

trSwf (4) ½kyfü twåwnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
a0'emü twåwnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
onmü twåwnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
ocFg&ü twåwnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
0dnmPfü twåwnfaew,fvdkY xifw,f?
aygif; 5-yg;/

,ck cGJjywJhenf;wGif trSwf (1) t& 5-yg;xJrS yXr'd|du ½kyfoufoufudk pGJvrf;w,f? usef 4-yg;u emrfoufoufudk pGJvrf;w,f? trSwf (2-3-4) wdkYü tp'd|d wyg;wyg;uvJ emrfoufoufudk pGJvrf;wmbJ? 'gaMumifh ½kyfoufoufudk twåvkdY pGJvrf;wJh ouúm'd|du 1-yg;om ½Sdw,f? emrfoufoufudk twåvkdY pGJvrf;wJh ouúm, 'd|du 7-yg;½Sdw,f? usefwJh 4-yg; 3-vD 12-yg;uawmh ½kyfemrf 2-yg;vHk;udk aygif;NyD; pGJvrf;wmawGbJ/ 'gayrJh trSwf (2-3-4) wdkYü jyqdkxm;&mrSmawmh ½kyfudkç emrfudkç ½kyfemrfudk twå[k pGJvrf;w,fvkdY twdtus azmfjyrxm;aomaMumifh tJ'D twåpGJyHk 15-yg;rSm ynwfudk twå[k pGJvrf;wmvJ ygw,fvdkY qdkEdkifbG,f ½Sdygw,f? ynwfpGJvrf;yHkudk bmhaMumifh xnfhoGif;ajym&ygovJ qdkawmh jA[®Zmvokwf t|uxmü uodkPf; ½kyfudk twå[k pGJvrf;aMumif; zGifhjyxm;wmvJ ½Sdw,f? tdEd´,u bmom0g' usrf;awGxJrSm twåudk cE¨mig;yg;rS tvGwfvdkY jyqdkxm;wmvJ ½Sdygw,f? 'gaMumifhygbJ? 'gayrJh twåu ynwfouf oufqdk,if jrifMum;odrI r½SdoifhaomaMumifh pJGvrf;&ef rjzpfEdkifaybl;? tJ'D twåu jrifw,f Mum;w,f odw,f pGJvrf;w,f qdk,ifvJ ½kyfemrfcE¨m igyg;ESifh ruif;bl;vkdY qdk&rSmbJ? 'gaMumifh ouúm,'d|d 20-udk jy&mrSm ynwfoufoufü twåpGJyHkudk rjyyJ cE¨mig;yg;pGJyHkudkom jyxm;w,fvdkY ,lq&rSmbJ/ bk&m;vufxufawmf wkef;u opöu qdkwJh y&dAkdZfu cE¨mig;yg;udk twåvdkY ,HkMunf,lqwJh taMumif; 0efcHajymqdkxm;wm ½Sdygw,f? 'gaMumifh cE¨mwyg;wyg;udk jzpfap? 2-yg;udk 3-yg; 4-yg;udk jzpfap? ig;yg;udkjzpfap? twåaumif igaumifvdkY xifjrifwm[m ouúm,'d|dcsnf;ygbJ? jrifqJ Mum;qJ ponfü xifay:aom ½kyfemrfudk igvdkY xifrSwfonfjzpfap? oufouf BuHpnfawG;qNyD;awmh udk,f½kyfeJY pdwfapwodufawGudk twåvkdY xifrSwfonf jzpfap tJ'Dvdk xifrSwfwm[m ouúm,'d|dcsnf;ygbJ/ tJ'D ouúm, 'd|d taMumif;udk tus,fjyqkdNyD;awmh "r®'dEémax&Du 'Dvdk ed*Hk;csKyfajyMum;vdkufygw,f/

tm0kaom 0domc 'g,um 0domc? {0H acg ½kyfemrfudk twå[k xifrSwfonf ponfjzifh jyqdkcJhaom þyHk þenf;jzifh? ouúm,'d|d xif½Sm;½Sdaom ½kyfemrftaygif;ü twå[k xifrSm;aom t,lonf? a[mwd jzpfygonfwJh/

tJ'Dtajzudk Mum;emNyD;awmh ouúm,'d|d uif;yHkudkvnf; 0domcaoa|;BuD;u 'Dvdk ar;jyefygow,f/

ouúm,'d|d uif;yHk tar;

uxH yema,s ouúm,'d|d e a[mwd/

ta,s t½Sifr "r®'dEém? uxH- tb,fodkYvQif? ouúm,'d|d- ouúm,'d|donf? e a[mwd ye rjzpfyJ uif;½Sif;ygoenf;wJh? b,fyHkb,fenf;jzifh ouúm,'d|d[m rjzpfyJ uif;½Sif;ygovJvdkY ar;wmygbJ? tJ'gudk "r®'dEémax&Du 'Dvkd ajzMum;ygw,f/

ouúm,'d|duif;yHk tajz

£"m0kaom 0domc okw0gt&d,om0aum t&d,meH 'óm0D t&d,"r®ó aum0da'g t&d, "ar® ok0deDawm oyÜK&domeH 'óm0D oyÜK&do "r®ó aum0da'g oyÜK&dó"ar® ok0deDawm e ½lyH twåawm orEkyówd? e ½ly0EHÅ 0g twåmeH? e twåed 0g ½lyH? e ½lyoð® 0g twåmeH? e a0'eH twåawm orEkyówd...? e onH...? e ocFga&...? e 0dnmPH...? e 0dnmPo®ð 0g twåmeH? {0H acg tm0kaom 0domc ouúm, 'd|d e a[mwd/

tm0kaom 0domc- 'g,um 0domc? £" þbk&m;omoemawmfü? okw0g-tMum;tjrifESifh jynfhpHkaom? t&d,om0aum bk&m;wynfh t&d,myk*d¾Kvfonf? ½lyH ½kyfudk twåawm- twå[k? e orEkyówd- rxifrSwfbl;wJh/

jrwfpGmbk&m;\ omoemawmfrSm bk&m;wynfh t&d,myk*d¾Kvf[m atmufxpfqHk; aomwmywdår*fjzifh edAÁmefudk awGUodwJh tjrifESifh jynfhpHkaew,f? tJ'Dvdk edAÁmefudk jrifNyD; jzpf,if ½kyfemrf [lorQ cPrpJjzpfysufaevdkY rNrJbl; qif;&Jcsnf;bJvdkYvJ odNyD;jzpfaew,f? 'gaMumifh ½kyfemrf [lorQ[m olYtaMumif; tm;avsmfpGm jzpfysufaewJh oabmw&m;rQbJ? udk,fhtvdktwdkif; jzpfatmifvJ rwwfEdkifbl;? rysufatmifvJ rwwfEdkifbl;? tpdk;&onfh twåaumifr[kwfwJh tewåw&m;rQbJvdkYvJ odw,f? 'gaMumifh jrifcdkuf Mum;cdkuf ponfü xifay:vmwJh ½kyfemrf awGudk twåaumif igaumifvdkY xifrSwfpGJvrf;jcif;r½Sdawmhbl;? tJ'Dvdk twåpGJ uif;aeygw,fvdkY qdkvdkygw,f/ aomwmyefrSm ½kyfemrfawGudk twåaumiftaejzifh ,lrSm;pGJvrf;wJh 'd|d 0dyv’movJ uif;w,f? todrSm;wJh pdwå0dyv’movJ uif;w,f? trSSwfrSm;wJh onm0dyv’movJ uif;w,fvkdY t|uxmrsm;rSm jyqdkxm;ygw,f/

aemufNyD;awmh tJ'Dvdk twåpGJuif;wm[m 0dyóem½IqJ a,m*DeJYvJ qdkifygw,f? 0dyóem½IaewJh a,m*D[m or®oeÓPf O',AÁ,ÓPfodkY a&mufaevQif txl;tm;jzifh b*FÓPfodkY a&mufaevQif ½IrSwfwdkif; ½IrSwfwdkif; tedpö 'ku©vkdY odwJhtjyif tewåvkdYvJ udk,fydkifÓPfjzifh ododoGm;w,f? tJ'Dawmh tJ'Dvdk od&wJh tm½Hkwdkif;ü twåvdkY xifrSwfpGJvrf;rI jzpfcGifhr½SdawmhyJ uif;½Sif; uif;½Sif;oGm;ygw,f? tJ'gvJ udk,fydkif ÓPfjzifh tewåvkdY odwJhtwGuf twåvkdY xifrSwfrI uif;wmygbJ? 'gayrJh r½IrrSwfrdwJh ½kyfemrftm½HkawGrSmawmh twåpGJ ruif;ao;ygbl;? aemufNyD;awmh ½kyfemrfw&m;awG[m cPrpJ jzpfysufaewJh tedpö 'ku© tewå w&m;csnf;bJvdkY a[mMum;xm;wJh w&m;awmfudk Mum;em;NyD; oabmusaewJh oludkvJ tMum;okweJY jynfhpHkwJh yk*d¾KvfvdkY qdk&w,f? tJ'Dvkd tMum;okweJY jynfhpHkwJh oludkvJ uvsmPykxkZOfvkdY qdk&w,f? tJ'Dvdk yk*d¾KvfrSm tcdkiftNrJpGJvrf;wJh twåpGJuawmh uif;wefoavmuf uif;aew,fvdkY qdk&wmygbJ? 'gayrJh 0dyóemÓPfjzifh uif;wmrsdK;awmh r[kwfygbl;/

,ck 'DrSm odapvdk&if;awmh t&d,myk*d¾KvfrSm ½kyfemrfudk twåvdkY rxifrSwfawmhbl;qdkwmu odapvdk&if;ygbJ? aemufNyD;awmh 0dyóema,m*DrSm ½IrSwfNyD; tedpö 'ku©vdkY od&wJh ½kyfemrfudk twåvkdY rxifrSwfbl; qdkwmvJ odxm;bkdYygbJ? tJ'Dvdk odrSwfxm;NyD;awmh tJ'D twåpGJuif;atmif jrifwkdif; Mum;wdkif; awGYwkdif; odwdkif; xifay:vmorQ ½kyfemrfudk tedpö 'ku© tewåvkdY udk,fydkif ÓPfjzifh odae&atmif rjywf½IrSwfae&r,f qdkwmvJ odapvdkygbJ/

tJ'Dvdk ½IaevdkYjzpfap? t&d,r*fzdkvf a&mufNyD;jzpfvdkY jzpfap twåvkdY rxifjcif;\ tjcm;taMumif;rsm;vJ ½Sdw,f? tJ'gawGudkvJ t&d,meH 'óm0D-t&d,m wdkYudk odjrifonfjzpfívJ twåvdkY rxifrSwfbl;wJh/ 'guawmh a½SUem;ydkif;u ajymcJhwJhtwkdif; rdrdukd,fwkdifu t&d,mjzpfaevkdY t&d,mudk odjrifwmbJ? 'gaMumifh t&d,mr*fudk &NyD;awmh udk,fydkifÓPftjrif okweJY jynfhpHkw,f qdkwmeJY t&wlygbJ/ aemufNyD;awmh t&d,"r®ó aum0da'g t&d,mjzpfaMumif; aAm"dyud©,w&m;ü uRrf;usifodjrifonf jzpfívJ twåvkdY rxifrSwfbl;wJh/ 'guvJ t&d,mjzpfaeaomaMumifh? odkYr[kwf 0dyóemÓPfjzifh tedpö 'ku© tewåvkdY odaeaomaMumifhvdkY qdkvdkwmygbJ? 'gvJ t&d,mwdkYudk jrifw,fqkdwmeJY oabmtm;jzifh twlwlygbJ? aemufNyD;awmh t&d,"ar® ok0deDawm t&d,mw&m;ü aumif;pGm qHk;rtyfNyD; aumif;pGm ,Ofaus;NyD;jzpfívJ twåvkdY rxifrSwfbl;wJh? 'gvJ t&d,m jzpfNyD; ,Ofaus;aeaomaMumifh twåvdkY rxifrSwfwmygvkdY qdkvdkwmygbJ? a½SUem;u jycJhwJh *kPfyk'fawGeJY oabmtm;jzifh twlwlygbJ? 'gayrJh t|uxmrSm zGifhjyxm;wJh oH0&0denf;eJY y[me 0denf;jzifhqHk;rí ,Ofaus;aeyHkudkawmh 'Dae&musrS ajymjyr,fvkdY a½SUydkif;u azmfjy xm;cJhw,f? 'gaMumifh tJ'DtaMumif;t&mrsm;udk ajymjyygOD;r,f/

tJ'DrSm oH0&0de,- oH0&0denf;qdkwm tukodkvfudk ydwfqdkYwm;jrpfvsuf qHk;rjcif;vkdY qdkvkdygw,f? (0de,udk y,fazsmufjcif;vkdYvJ zGifhjyxm;ygw,f? 'gayrJh y[me 0de, qdk&musawmh y,fjcif;eJY y,fazsmufjcif;qdkwm xyfwljzpfaevkdY racsmarmbl;? aemufNyD;awmh qHk;rjcif;qdkrS 0deDw yk'fteuf usawmh ,Ofaus;w,f qdkwmeJY avsmfygw,f? ) tJ'D oH0&0denf;u oDvoH0& oDvjzifh ydwfqdkYjcif; (1)? owdoH0&- owdjzifh ydwfqdkYjcif; (2) ÓPoH0& ÓPfjzifhydwfqdkYjcif; (3)? cEdÅoH0& onf;cHjcif; (4) 0D&d,oH0&- vkHYvjzifh ydwfqdkYjcif; (5) vdkY 5-yg;½Sdygw,f/ tJ'Dig;yg;udk ]]oDv owd? ÓPf cEdÅ? 0D&d oH ig;jzm}} vkdY aqmifyk'f pDxm;w,f? tJ'gudk qdkMu&r,f/

oDv owd? ÓPf cEdÅ? 0D&d oH-ig;jzm/

tJ'D ig;yg;xJu oDvoH0& qdkwm &[ef;rsm;rSm ygwdarmufoDvjzifh udk,fEIwf usL;vGefrIawG apmifhpnf; ydwfqdkYjcif;ygbJ? vl0wfaMumifrsm;rSmawmh ig;yg;oDvjzifh owfrIç ckd;rIç vdrfrIponfudk ydwfqdkYaejcif;ygbJ/ ½Spfyg;oDvjzifh ydwfqdkYwmu ydkNyD;vdkûcHwmaygh? 'gaMumifh ,ck oDvudk ½kdaopGm usifhaeMuwJh olawG[m udk,fjzifh EIwfjzifh usL;vGefwJh tukodkvfawGudk ydwfqdkYwm;jrpfaeMuwmbJ? tJ'Dvkd ydwfqdkYNyD; rdrdudk,fudk qHk;rae,if t&d,"ar® ok0deDawm t& t&d,mtusifhw&m;ü qHk;rNyD;jzpfaewmygbJ/

owdoH0& qdkwm jrif& Mum;&wJh tm½Hk ponfESifhpyfNyD; avmb a'go rjzpf&atmif owdjzifh ydwfqdkY apmifhpnf;jcif;ygbJ? jrifwkdif; Mum;wdkif;ponfrSm rjywf½IrSwfNyD; jrif½HkrQ Mum;½HkrQ ponfjzifh wnfapwm[m 'DowdoH0& t&rSm taumif;qHk;ygbJ/

jrifwkdif; Mum;wdkif; ponfrSm rjywf½IrSwfNyD; tedpö 'ku© tewå[k ododoGm;wJh ÓPfjzifh ]]NrJw,f ponfjzifh xifrSwfNyD;jzpfrJh}} tukodkvfawGudk ydwfqdkYwm;jrpfjcif;[m ÓPoH0&ygbJ? ,ck 'Du a,m*DawG ½IrSwf aeMuwm[m tJ'D ÓPoH0&jzifh tukodkvfawGudk jzpfcGifhr&atmif ydwfqdkY wm;jrpfae MuwmygbJ? 'Dvkd ½IrSwfae,if; 0dyóem ÓPf jynfhpHkwJhtcgrSm t&d,r*fÓPfjzpfr,f? tJ'Dtcg t&d,r*fÓPfjzifh oufqdkif&m tukodkvfawGudk tjrpfjywfy,fjcif;[mvJ 'DÓPoH0&ygbJ? ,ck ½IrSwftm;xkwfaeMu&wm[m tJ'D t&d,r*fÓPfqdkwJh oH0&0denf; jynfhpHkatmif tm;xkwfaeMu&wmygbJ/

oDwó tat;udk? OPSó- tyludk? carm onf;cHonf? a[mwd jzpf\ ponfjzifh a[mxm;wJh a'oemawmfESifh tnD tat; tyl paom 'ku©a0'emawG olwyg;u rawmfroifh ajymwmç ûywmawGudk onf;cHwm[m cEdÅoH0&bJ/ ,ck a,m*DawG anmif;wm ylwm ponfudk onf;cHNyD; tm;xkwfaeMuwm[m tJ'D cEdÅoH0&ygbJ/

jzpfay:vmwJh tukodkvf pdwful; tBuHtpnf awGudk ½IrSwfNyD; vufrcHyJ y,faewm[m 0D&d,oH0&bJ? rjzpfbl;wJh tukodkvf rjzpf&atmifç jzpfNyD; tukodkvfawGvJ y,fEdkifatmif tm;xkwfNyD; ½IrSwfaeMuwmvJ tJ'D 0D&d,oH0&ygbJ/

tJ'D oH0&0denf; ig;yg;[m O',AÁ,ÓPf b*FÓPfavmuf a&muf,if jynfhpHkweforQ jynfhpHkaeygNyD? 'gaMumifh tJ'D 0dyóemÓPfrsm;eJY jynfhpHkaewJh yk*d¾Kvf[m t&d,mwdkY\ tusifhw&m;jzifh aumif;pGm qHk;rtyfNyD; jzpfoihfoavmuf jzpfaevkdY 'Gg& 6-yg;u xif½Sm;ay:vmwJh ½kyfemrf cE¨mawGudk twåvkdYrxifyJ tewåvkdYom trSeftwdkif; ododaewmbJ? 'Dvkdodae&if; aemufqHk; wcsdefusawmh t&d,r*fÓPf jzpfay:vmr,f? tJ'Dtcg aomwmywdår*fjzifh twå'd|dudk t<uif;rJhy,fNyD; jzpfaomaMumifh ½kyfemrfcE¨mawGudk twåvkdY xifrSwfrI vHk;0uif;oGm;awmh wmbJ? tJ'DvkdjzpfyHkudk &nfNyD;awmh ]]t&d,"ar® ok0deDawm t&d,mwdkY\ tusifhw&m;ü aumif;pGm qHk;rtyfNyD; jzpfí ,Ofaus;aom t&d,mom0uonf ½kyfudk twå[k rxifrSwfbl;}} ponfjzifh azmfjyxm;wmygbJ/

aemufNyD;awmh y[me0de, y[me0denf;qdkwm tukodkvfawGudk y,fvsuf qHk;rjcif;vkdY qkdvdkygw,f? ('Dae&mrSm 0de,ukd y,fazsmufjcif;vdkY teufjyefvQif y,fjcif;[laom y,fazsmufjcif;vdkY qdk&vdrfhr,f? tJ'Dvkdqdkawmh teufwyfwljzpfaevdkY pum;racsmygbl;? 'gaMumifh qHk;rjcif;vdkY teufjyefwm ygbJ?) tJ'D y[me0denf;uvJ w'*Fy[mef 0du©rÇey[mef orkapä'y[mef y#dyó'd¨y[mef edó&P y[mef tm;jzifh ig;yg; ½Sdygw,f? tJ'gudkvJ ]]w'if 0du©rf? orkapä'H? wzefNidrf;wm xGufajrmufyg}} vdkY aqmifyk'fpDxm;w,f? tJ'gudk qdkMu&r,f/

w'if 0du©rf? orkapä'H? wzef Nidrf;wm xGufajrmufyg/

tJ'D y[mefig;yg;xJrSm 0dyóemÓPfwpdwfjzifh tm&r®PmEko, ac:wJh udavom wpdwfudk y,fwm[m ]]w'a*Fe w'*Fó y[meH w'*Fy[meH}} vkdY jyqdkxm;wJh 0dok'd¨r*f (2-335) ponfESifh tnD w'*Fy[mef rnfygw,f/ &nf½G,fcsufudk twdkcsKyfjyonf) tJ'g[m jrifqJ Mum;qJ ponfü ½IrSwfNyD; tedpö ponfjzifh od&wJh tm½HkrSm edpöponfjzifh xifrSwfNyD;jzpfrnfh udavomwpdwfudk ½IodwJh ÓPfwpdwfjzifh y,fwmygbJ/

0du©rÇey[mef qdkwmuawmh Oypmorm"d tyÜemorm"d\ tpGrf;aMumifh udavom tMurf;pmawG rjzpfyJ tawmftwefMumatmif uif;aewmudk qdkwmygbJ/

orkapä'y[mef qdkwmuawmh t&d,r*f\ tpGrf;aMumifh Nidrf;oifhwJh udavomawG tjrpfjywf uif;Nidrf;aewmudk qdkwmygbJ? aomwmywdår*f\ tpGrf;aMumifh ouúm,'d|d 0dpdudpäm oDvAÁwy&mrmo&,f? tyg,fusapEdkifwJh avmb a'go ponf&,f? ok*wdü ckepfb0xuf ydkvGefNyD; jzpfapEkdifwJh avmb&,f 'Dvdk udavomawG vHk;0rjzpfawmhyJ uif;Nidrf;oGm;wm[m orkapä' y[mefbJ? ou'g*grdr*f\ tpGrf;aMumifh umr&m* Asmyg' tBurf;pmawG vHk;0jywfNidrf;oGm;wm? tem*grdr*f\ tpGrf;aMumifh umr&m*ESifh Asmyg'awG vHk;0jywfpJcsKyfNidrf; oGm;wmvJ tJ'D orkapä'y[mefyJ? t&[wår*f \ tpGrf;aMumifh t0dZÆm wPSm rme paom udavom [lorQ vHk;0jywfpJcsKyfNidrf;oGm;wmvJ tJ'D orkapä'y[mefbJ/ ,ck 'DrSm a,m*DawG ½IrSwftm;xkwfaeMu&wm[m 0dyóemÓPfjzifh w'*Fy[mef jynfhpHkNyD;awmh tJ'D orkapä'y[mef jynfhpHkatmif tm;xkwfaeMu&wmbJ/

tJ'D t&d,r*fav;yg;jzifh tjrpfjywfy,fNyD; udavomawGudk t&d,zdkvfav;yg;jzifh xyfrHNyD; Nidrf;apvmwmuawmh y#dyó'd¨y[mefbJ? tJ'guawmh txl;y,f&wm r[kwfygbl;? zvormywf\ t[kefaMumifh Nidrf;at;NrJ Nidrf;at;aewmudkqdkwmygbJ/

edó&Py[mef qdkwmuawm t&d,r*f av;yg\ tpGrf;aMumifh jzpfcGifhr½SdawmhwJh udavomawG ½kyfemrfqif;&JawG vHk;0 Nidrf;wm[m tJ'D udavom ½kyfemrf qif;&JawGrS vGwfajrmuf aewJh edó&Pac: edAÁmefbJ? tJ'DedAÁmef[m udavom ½kyfemrfqif;&J[lorQrS uif;½Sif;xGufajrmufaevdkY edó&Py[mefac:w,f? t&d,r*fzdkvfav;yg; a&muf,if tJ'D edó&Py[mefvJ jynfhpHkwmygbJ/

,ckajymjycJhwJh oH0&0denf; ig;yg;ç y[me0denf;ig;yg;wdkYESifh jynfhpHkoifhoavmuf jynfhpHkaewJh t&d,m[m t&d,"ar® ok0deDawm t&d,mwdkY\ tusifhw&m;ü qHk;rtyfNyD;jzpfí aumif;pGm ,Of;aus;aewmygbJ/ tJ'Dvdk ,Ofaus;aewJh t&d,mom0u[m ½kyfudk twåvdkY rxifrSwfawmhygbl;wJh/ 'gavmuf qdk,if twåpGJuif;wJh uvsmPykxkZOfeJY t&d,mom0utaMumif;udk em;vnfavmufygNyD/ 'gaMumifh "r®'dEémax&D\ tajzygVdudk jyef½kd;jyefpOft& tjynfhtpHk teufjyefygOD;r,f/

tm0kaom 0domc-'g,um 0domc? £"-þbk&m; omoemawmfü? t&d,meH 'óm0D t&d,mwkdYudk odjrifaom? t&d,"r®ó aum0da'g t&d,mw&m;ü uRrf;usifaom? t&d,"ar® ok0deDawm t&d,mw&m;ü qHk;rtyfNyD;jzpfí aumifpGm,Ofaus;aom? oyÜK&domeH 'óm0D t&d,molawmfaumif; wkdYudk odjrifaom? oyÜK&do"r®ó aum0da'g olawmfaumif;w&m;ü uRrf;usifaom? oyÜK&do"ar® ok0deDawm olawmfaumif;w&m;ü qHk;rtyfNyD; jzpfí aumif;pGm ,Ofaus;aom? okw0g-tMum;tjrifESifh jynfhpHkaom? t&d,om0aum t&d,mjzpfaom bk&m;wynfhonf? ½lyH-½kyfudk? twåawm twå[k? e or-Ekyówd-rxifrSwfay/ 0g wenf;tm;jzifh? twåmeH twåudk? ½ly0EHÅ ½kyf½Sdonf[k? e-rxifrSwfay/ 0g wenf;tm;jzifh? ½lyH-½kyfudk? twåed twåüwnfonf[k? e-rxifrSwfay/ 0gwenf;tm;jzifh? twåmeH twåudk? ½lyoð® ½kyfüwnfonf[k? erxifrSwfay/ (a0'emponfrSmvJ ygVdteufu xyfwlygbJ? tp 4-yk'fESifh aemufqHk;wyk'fudk om azmfjyrnf/) a0'eH cHpm;rIa0'emudk? twåawm-twå[k? e orEkyówd rxifrSwfay/ onH rSwfom;rIonmudk? twåawm-twå[k? e orEkyówd-rxifrSwfay/ ocFga& apwempaom ocFg&wdkYudk? twåawm-twå[k? e orEkyówd rxifrSwfay/ ...0dnmPH pdwf0dnmPfudk? twåawm-twå[k? e orEkyówd-rxifrSwfay/ ...twåmeH-twåudk? 0dnmPoð® pdwf0dnmPfü wnfonf[k? e rxifrSwfawmhay/ tm0kaom 0domc'g,um 0domc? {0H acgþyHk þenf;jzifh? ouúm,'d|dü xif½Sm;½Sdaom ½kyfemrftaygif;ü twå[k xifrSm;aom t,lonf? e a[mwd-rjzpfyJ uif;Nidrf;ygonfwJh/

twåqdkwm touf½SifaewJh taumifvdkY xif&wJh[m ygbJ? tJ'gu udk,foGm;csifoGm;? udk,f&yfcsif &yf? xkdifcsif xkdif? udk,ftdyfcsif tdyf? udk,fajymcsif ajym? udk,fvkyfcsif vkyf ponfjzifh udk,fhtvdktwkdif; tpdk;&w,fvkdYvJ xif&wJh[mbJ? tJ'gudk omrDtwåac: w,f/ udk,fxJrSm tNrJwnf½Sdaew,fvdkYvJ xif&w,f? tJ'gudk ed0goDtwåac:w,f? twåaumif igaumifuyif BuHwwfw,f ajymwwfw,f ûywwfw,fvdkYvJ xif&w,f? tJ'gudk um&utwåac:w,f? tJ'gu ocFg&u©E¨mudk twåvkdY pGJvrf;wmbJ? taumif;tqdk;awGudk cHpm;aewmudk twåaumif igaumifvkdYvJ xif&w,f? tJ'gudk a0'u twåvkdY ac:w,f? tJ'gu a0'emeu©E¨mudk twåvdkY pGJvrf;wmbJ/ aomwmywdår*fzdkvfponfudk a&mufNyD; jzpfwJh t&d,myk*d¾KvfrSmawmh tJ'Dvkd twåpGJ[m vHk;0r½Sdawmhbl;? cPrpJ jzpfysufaewJh ½kyfemrfw&m;rQbJvdkY trSefwdkif;om odaeawmhwmbJ "r®'dEémax&Du ajz½Sif;jywJh ouúm,'d|d 20-uif;yHk[m tJ'D omrD ed0goD um&u a0'utwåpGJ 4-yg;vHk; uif;yHkeJY twlwlygbJ? tJ'D twåpGJ 4-yg;eJy twåpGJ uif;yHk aqmifyk'frsm;udk vdkufqdkMu&r,f/

(1) udk,fxJrSm tvdktwdkif; tpdk;&wJh igaumif ½Sdonf[k xifwmu omrDtwåpGJ/
(2) udk,fxJrSm tNrJwnfaewJh igaumif½Sdonf[k xifwmu ed0goDtwåpGJ/
(3) udk,fç EIwfç pdwf trlt&m[lorQudk igaumifuyif ûyvkyfonf[k xifwmu um&utwåpGJ/
(4) taumif;tqdk;[lorQudk igaumifuyif cHpm;onf[k xifwmu a0'utwåpGJ/
(5) aomwmywdå? r*fzdkvf\? todtjrif½SdolrSm? ½kyfemrftpk? igaumif[k xifrI r½Sdyg/

ouúm,'d|duif;yHk tajzudk Mum;emNyD;aemuf 0domc aoa|;BuD;u t&d,r*fudk ar;jyefw,f? ar;yHkuawmh-

t&d,r*f tar;

uwarm yema,s t&da,m t|*Øaum ra*¾g/

ta,s-t½Sifr "r®'dEém? t|*Øaum-t*Fg ½Spfyg;aom? t&d,m ra*¾g-t&d,r*fonf? uwarm yetb,ft&mygenf;wJh/

'guawmh a½SUem;ydkif;u ouúm, eda&m" *grdeD y#dy'gac:wJh r*¾opömtaMumif; ar;wmeJY t&wlygbJ? 'gaMumifh 'Dr*¾opömtaMumif; ajzNyD;ygNyD? xyfNyD; ar;p&m rvkdygbl;vkdY ajymoihfwmygbJ? 'gayrJh "r®'dEém ax&Duawmh 'Dt&d,r*fudk tajccHNyD; a½SUqufar;vdkaomaMumifh jzpfrSmbJvdkY qifjcifNyD; ajzoifhonfhtwkdif; 'Dvdk ajzMum;ygw,f/

t&d,r*f tajz

t,ar0 acg tm0kaom 0domc t&da,m t|*Øaum ra*¾g/ ao,sxd'H? or®m'd|d....or®morm"d/

tm0kaom 0domc 'g,um 0domc? t|*Øaum-t*Fg½Spfyg;½Sdaom? t&da,mra*¾g t&d,r*f [lonfrSm? t,ar0 þt&myifjzpfygonf/ ao,sxd'H þt&mu tb,fenf;qkdvQif? or®m'd|d rSefpGm jrifjcif;? ....or®morm"d rSefpGm pl;pdkufwnfMunfjcif;yif jzpfygonfwJh/

'D r*¾if ½Spfyg;taMumif;uawmh ouúm,eda&m"*grdeD y#dy'g qdkwJh r*¾opömtaMumif; a[mpOfu zGifhjycJhNyD; jzpfvkdY xyfNyD; ajymp&mawmh rvdkygbl;? 'gayrJh (1326 ckESpf? yXr0gqdkvuG,faeY a[mxm;cJhwJh) yXrpmrl&if;rS wcsdKUtenf;i,fudk pmMunfholwdkYrSm okwyGg;&atmif ,ck w&m;pmrloefYü azmfjy&OD;r,f/

'Dr*¾if½Spfyg;w&m;ukd cP cPa[mae&w,f/ 'Dr*¾if½Spfyg;w&m;u tvGefvJ av;eufNyD; tvGefvJ ta&;ygt&ma&mufygw,f? jrwfpGmbk&m;\ omoemawmfrSm 'Dr*¾if½Spfyg;[m tESpfom& tppfyJ? Ak'¨tqHk;tromoemawmftppfyJ? av;oacFseJY urÇmwodef;? ½SpfoacFseJY urÇmwodef;? wpfqJhajcmufoacsFeJY urÇmwodef; umvywfvHk; bk&m;jzpfzkdY&m usifhMu&wJh bk&m;tavmif;awG[mvJ 'Dr*¾if½Spfyg;w&m;jynfhpHkatmif usifhMu&wmbJ? jrwfpGmbk&m;½SifawG[m rdrdwdkY\ toufwef; ½SdaeorQ umvywfvHk; w&m;a[mMu&wmvJ a0ae,sowå0gawGrSm 'Dr*¾if½Spfyg;tusifhudk jynfhpHkatmif usifhEdkifbkdY a[mawmfrlMu&wmbJ? 'Dr*¾if½Spfyg;w&m; t<uif;rJh jynfhpHkvQif &[EÅmjzpfNyD; qif;&Jcyfodrf; Nidrf;wJh edAÁmefa&mufawmhwmbJ? 'gaMumifh 'Dr*¾if½Spfyg;tusifh[m tvGefta&;BuD;ygw,f/

(urÇmOD;rS pí avmua&;twGuf csrf;omatmif BuHzefwDxGifvmMuyHkESifh arG;onfrSpí vlYb0qif;&JMu&yHkrsm;udk a[mxm;onfrSm vufESdyfpuf½kduf 4-rsufESmausmfausmf½Sd\? ,if;udk þürjyawmhyJ csefxm;cJhonf/)

r*¾if½Spfyg;xJu or®m'd|d rSefpGmjrifjcif;qdkwJh r*¾ift& rSefpGmjrifatmif tm;xkwfzkdY vdkygw,f? avmubufu trSefawGqdkwmvJ ½Sdygw,f? tJ'gawGuawmh 'Dt&d,r*¾ifeJY rqdkifygbl;? qdkifwmuawmh rdrdwkdYoEÅmefu ½kyfemrfw&m;awGudk trSefwdkif;odbdkYvJ vkdygw,f? jrifwkdif; Mum;wdkif; eHwdkif; pm;odwkdif; awGUxdwdkif; BuHodwdkif; cPrpJ jzpfysufaewJh ½kyfemrf w&m;awGudk trSeftwkdif; odatmif tm;xkwfzkdYygbJ? 'Gg& 6-yg;u cPrpJjzpfysufaewmudk udk,fydkifÓPfjzifh awGUodNyD; qif;&JawGbJqdkwm cdkifcdkifNrJNrJ qHk;jzwfEdkifbdkY vdkygw,f/ ½IrSwfjcif;r½SdwJh yuwdyk*d¾KvfawGrSmawmh tjrifaumif; tMum;aumif; ponfawGudk &atmif tNrJaMumifhMupdkufNyD; qif;&JaeMu&w,f? tJ'Dvkd tqif;&JcHNyD; aMumifhMupdkufvkdY tNrifaumif;ponfawGudk &vmawmhvJ rMumcif ukefqHk;oGm;wmbJ? tJ'Dvkd ukefaysmuf vG,fwm[m t&omaumif; pm;&wJhtcg ydkNyD; xif½Sm;ygw,f? vQmay:rSm t&omaumif;uav;[m ay:vmNyD; wcPuav;twGif;rSm aysmufoGm;wmbJ? 'djyif[mawGvJ 'Dvkdcsnf;ygbJ? tJ'D taumif;uav;awGudk cHpm;&atmif ½Sm&vkyfudkif&wmawGuawmh tifrwef yifyef;qif;&Jygw,f? woufvHk; ½SmBuHaeMu&wmbJ? b0wdkif; b0wdkif; 'Dvdkcsnf; ½SmBuHNyD; qif;&JaeMu&w,f? tyg,fav;yg; a&mufaewJhtcg ydkNyD;qif;&JMu&wmbJ/

jrifwkdif; Mum;wdkif; ponfrSm rjywf ½IrSwf aewJh a,m*Duawmh jrifrI Mum;rI paom ½kyfemrfawG cPrpJ jzpfysufaewmudk awGUod&w,f? tJ'Dvkd cPrpJ vsifjrefpGm aysmufaysmuf oGm;wmawGcsnf; awGUodae&awmh bmrS tm;udk;p&mr½SdwJh qif;&Jw&m;awGcsnf;bJ? ½kyfemrftopf rjzpfvm,if b,ftcsdefrqdk aoEdkifaomaMumifh aMumufp&maumif;wJh qif;&Jw&m;awGcsnf;bJvkdY od&w,f? tJ'g[m trSeftwdkif;odwJh 0dyóemor®m'd|dbJ? 'ku©opömqdkwJh qif;&JtrSefudk odwmbJ? tJ'geJY qdkifwJh aqmifyk'fudk qdkMu&r,f/

tJ'Dvkd ½IrSwfae,if; cPrpJ jzpfysufaewm awGudk qif;&JvkdU odwm[m 'ku©opömudk trSefwdkif;odwJh or®m'd|dbJ? 'gayrJh 'D0dyóem or®m'd|duawmh ½IrdwJh tm½Hkavmufom qif;&JxifNyD; ESpfoufom,mrI uif;w,f? r½IrdwJhtm½HkawGeJYawmh pyfNyD; ESpfoufom,mrI ½Sdaeao;wmbJ/ t&d,r*f a&mufrS ESpfoufom,mrIu tjrpfjywfNidrf;wm? 'gawmifrS aomwmywdår*fzdkvfavmuf qdk,if umrb0 ½kyfemrfawGudk taumif;xifNyD; ESpfoufom,mrIu vHk;0ruif;ao;ygbl;? 'gaMumifh aomwmyef yk*d¾KvfawGrSm tdrfaxmifûyrIawGvJ ½Sdaeao;wmbJ/ rdaxG;awmfa*gwrD y&dedAÁmefpHcgeD;rSm t½SiftmeE´mu pdk;&drfylaqG;NyD; idka<u;ao;w,fvdkYawmif jyqdkxm;wm½Sdaeao;wmbJ/ tJ'g[m y&dedAÁmefrpHyJ jzpfaewJh½kyfemrfawGudk taumif;xifNyD; vkdvm;jcif;½SdaevkdYygbJ/ t&[wår*fa&mufrS tJ'Dvdk taumif;xifNyD; ESpfoufom,mrI vHk;0uif;w,f? 'gaMumifh tJ'D ESpfoufom,mrI vHk;0Nidrf;atmif ½IrSwftm;xkwfaeMu&wmbJ/

ESpfoufom,mrI½Sdae,if rsufarSmufb0rSmvJ qif;&JaeMu&wmbJ? om;orD; tdrfol tdrfom;awG ½SdaewJholrSm tJ'D om;orD;ponfudk ESpfoufom,m aeaomaMumifh olwdkYtwGuf aMumifhMupdkufNyD;awmhvJ qif;&JaeMu&w,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;½Sif[m wcsdefu rv’wdkif;jynfxJu O½ka0vuyÜqdkwJh ed*Hk;½GmBuD;rSm oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrlw,f? tJ'Dtcg O½ka0vuyÜed*Hk; ½GmxJu bj'u qdkwJh *grPd-- ½GmvlBuD;u jrwfpGmbk&m;xH vma&muf½Sdcdk;uefawmhNyD;awmh 'Dvkd avQmufxm; awmif;yefygw,f? qif;&JjzpfaMumif; Nidrf;aMumif;w&m; a[mawmfrlygwJh/

tJ'Dawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u 'DvkdpNyD; trdefY½Sdygw,f? a½S;umvudkpGJNyD; qif;&JjzpfaMumif; Nidrf;aMumif;udk igua[mvQif oifhrSm ,HkrSm;awG;awmrI oHo,jzpfEkdifw,f? aemufumvukd pGJNyD;a[mvQifvJ oifhrSm ,HkrSm;awG;awmrI oHo,jzpfEdkifw,f? 'gaMumifh ,ck wxkdiftwGif;rSmyJ qif;&JjzpfaMumif; csKyfaMumif;udk a[mr,fvkdY rdefUawmfrlNyD; 'Dvdkar;awmfrlygw,f/

O½ka0vuyÜ½GmxJu vlrsm;rSm towfcH&jcif;ç tcsKyftaESmif cH&jcif;aMumifhjzpfap? ypönf;qHk;½HI;jcif;ç tuJh&JUcH&jcif;aMumifhjzpfap? oifhrSm pdk;&drfylaqG;jcif;ç idka<u;jcif;ç qif;&Jjcif;ç ESvHk;romjcif;ç pdwfylyefjcif; jzpfEkdifygovm;wJh/ jzpfEkdifygw,f bk&m;vkdY avQmufygw,f/

wcsdKUvlawGrSm towfcH&Ncif; ponfaMumifh oihfrSm pdk;&drfylaqG;jcif; ponf rjzpfEdkifwmvJ ½Sdygovm;vkdY ar;awmfrlygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd rjzpfEkdifwmvJ ½Sdygw,fvdkY avQmufygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd pdk;&drfylaqG;jcif; ponf jzpfEkdifwm rjzpfEkdifwm bmaMumifhygvJ vdkYvJ ar;awmfrlw,f/ cifrifESpfoufwJh olawG 'ku©a&muf,if pdk;&drfjcif;ponf jzpf&ygw,f/ rcifrif rESpfoufwJholawG 'ku©a&muf,ifawmh pdk;&drfjcif;ponf rjzpfEdkifygbl;vkdY avQmufygw,f/ tJ'g[m qE´&m*qdkwJh cspfcifESpfoufrI ½SdolawGeJY pyfNyD; pdk;&drfjcif;ponf jzpfEdkifw,f? qE´&m* r½SdolawGeJYpyfNyD; rjzpfEkdifbl;vdkY oabmaygufNyD; ajzwmygbJ/ qE´&m*[m qif;&JjzpfaMumif;? qE´&m* uif;wm[m qif;&JcsKyfNidrf;aMumif;vkdY odem;vnfapwmygbJ/ a½S;umvu qif;&JjzpfcJhwmvJ qE´&m*aMumifhbJ aemufumvü qif;&JjzpfrSmvJ qE´&m*aMumifhbJvkdY odrSwfzkdY&mvJ jrwfpGmbk&m;u trdefY½Sdygw,f/

tJ'D bk&m;pum;awmfudk ESpfûcdufoabmus NyD;awmh wj'u qdkwJh ½GmvlBuD;u 'DvkdvJ avQmufygw,f? bk&m;wynfhawmfrSm pd&0goDqdkwJh om;vli,fwa,muf½Sdygw,f? tJ'Doli,fukd ½Gmtjyifu pmoifausmif;rSm xm;ygw,f? aeYpOfaeYwdkif; apmapmxNyD; pd&0goDudk pHk;prf;&ef vlwa,mufudk apvTwf&ygw,f? tJ'Dvl jyefa&mufrvmrcsif; ighom; pd&0goD usef;rm csrf;omygapvkdY awmifhwNyD; pdwfylae&ygw,fbk&m; vkdY avQmufygw,f/

pd&0goDoli,frSm towfcH&vdkY jzpfap? tcsKyftaESmifcH&vdkY jzpfap? ypönf;qHk;½HI;vdkY tuJh&JUcH&vkdY jzpfap oifhrSm aomuponf jzpfEdkifygovm;vkdY jrwfpGmbk&m;u ar;awmfrlw,f? aomuponf b,frSm rjzpfyJ½SdyghrvJ? toufawmifrS aoEkdifygw,f bk&m;wJh? 'gaMumifh qif;&J'ku©[m cspfcifESpfoufrI qE´aMumifh jzpfw,fvkdY rSwfod&r,fvkdY rdefYawmfrlNyD;awmh 'DvkdvJ ar;awmfrlygw,f? pd&0goD\ rdcifudk rjrifbl;ao; rMum;bl;ao;cifu tJ'D trsdK;orD;udk cspfcifESpfoufjcif; jzpfcJhyg&JUvm;wJh/ rjzpfcJhygbk&m;? 'gjzifh cspfcifESpfoufjcif;[m jrif&Mum;&vkdY jzpfwmr[kwfvm;? [kwfygw,fbk&m;? tu,fí pd&0goD\rdcif towfcH& tcsKyftaESmifcH&,if qHk;½IH;,if tuJh&JUcH&,if oifhrSm aomuponf rjzpfaybl;vm;vkdY ar;awmfrlw,f? b,frSm rjzpfyJ½SdyghrvJ? toufawmifrS aoEkdifygw,fbk&m;wJh? 'gaMumifh qif;&J'ku©[m cspfcif ESpfoufrI qE´aMumifh jzpfw,fvdkY rSwfod&r,fvdkY rdefYawmfrlw,f? rSefygbk&m;vkdY tJ'D½GmvlBuD;u 0efcHygowJh/ (oH,kwf? wwd,? 510)

,ckajymcJhwJh bj'u ½GmvlBuD; 0w¬Kuawmh cspfcifESpfoufrIaMumifh rsufarSmufrSmyif qif;&JjzpfyGg;yHkbJ/ xkdYtwlyif ½kyfemrfqif;&JawGudk taumif;xifNyD; ESpfoufom,mae,if wb0NyD; wb0 topftopf jzpfNzpfNyD; qif;&Jae&wmbJ? 'gaMumifh tJ'DESpfouf om,mrI wPSm[m ork', opömbJ? jzpfcdkuf½kyfemrfudk ½IrSwfNyD; tedpöponfjzifh trSefudk odwkdif; odwdkif; tJ'Dod&wJh ½kyfemrftm½HkrSm ESpfoufom,mrI wPSmrjzpfyJ uif;½Sif;oGm;w,f? tJ'g[m ½IrSwfNyD; trSeftwdkif;odwJh 0dyóem or®m'd|djzifh ork',wPSmudk y,fwmbJ? tJ'g[m ork',opömukd y,faomtm;jzifh rSefpGmodwmbJ/

tJ'Dvkd ork',wPSm uif;½Sif;oGm;wkdif; tJ'Dod&wJh tm½HkeJYpyfNyD; b0opf ½kyfemrf qif;&JawG jzpfcGifhr½SdawmhyJ uif;Nidrf;oGm;w,f? tJ'g[m w'*Feda&m"udk NyD;apaomtm;jzifh or®m'd|du trSeftwkdif; odonfrnfwmbJ/

½IrSwfwkdif; ½IrSwfwkdif; 0dyóemr*¾ifawG jzpfjzpfoGm;wmu r*¾opömudk jzpfyGg;apaom tm;jzifh trSeftwdkif;odonfrnfwmbJ? 'gu 0dyóem or®m'd|dt& rSefpGmodyHkbJ/ t&d,r*f or®m'd|duawmh edAÁmefudk rsufarSmufawGY odjrifNyD; opömav;yg;vHk;udk rSefpGmodjrifw,f? tJ'D taMumif;udkawmh pmrlrus,f&atmif 'Dae&mrSm rjyawmh ygbl;/ ,ck ork',opömaqmifyk'fudk qdkNu&r,f/

(2) ocFg&wGif? taumif;xif? cifrif orkwnf;/

jrifqJ Mum;qJ ponfü xifay:vmwJh ½kyfemrfocFg&awGudk NrJonfhtae csrf;omonfh vSyonfhtae ponfjzifh taumif;xifae,if ESpfoufcifrifwJh wPSmork', jzpfw,f? ½IrSwfvdkY tedpöponfjzifh odae,ifawmh tJ'DwPSm Nidrf;w,f? tJ'DwPSmudk Nidrf;apaomtm;jzifh or®m'd|du rSefpGm odjrif&w,f? tJ'Dvkd rSefpGm od&atmifvkdY rjywf½IrSwfaeMu&wmygbJ? t&d,r*f or®m'd|du edAÁmefudk awGYjrifawmh jzpfysufaewJh ½kyfemrfawGudk qif;&JvkdY odEdkifyHk? wPSmuif;yHkawG[m omNyD; xif½Sm;ygw,f? 'gaMumifh tJ'D eda&m"opöm taMumif;udkvJ qdkMu&r,f/

(3) ½kyfemrftm;vHk;? jzpfysufokOf;? csKyfqHk;edAÁmefwnf;/

0dyóemÓPf &ifhoefjynfhpHkwJhtcgrSm cPrpJ jzpfysufaewJh ½kyfemrfawGudk ½Iodae&if; xJu odp&ma&m odwma&m vHk;0csKyfNidrf; uif;½Sif;aewJh oabmxJodkY usa&mufoGm;w,f? tJ'Dvkd usa&mufawGYjrifyHkudk a½SUem;ydkif;u jyqdkcJhygNyD? tJ'g[m or®m'd|du eda&m"opömudk trSeftwdkif; odjrifyHkygbJ? cPrpJ jzpfysufaewJh ½kyfemrfawGukd ½Iodaomtm;jzifh 0dyóemr*fudk yGm;ae&w,f? aemufqHk;usawmh tJ'Djzpfysuf ½kyfemrfqif;&J [lorQ csKyfNidrf;wJh oabmudk rsufarSmufûyaomtm;jzifh t&d,mr*fudk jzpfyGm;ap&w,f? tJ'Dvkd jzpfyGm;apaomtm;jzifh odwmukd or®m'd|du rSefpGmodjrifwmvdkY qdk&w,f? tJ'D r*¾opömeJY qdkifwJh aqmifyk'fudk qdkMu&r,f/

(4) qif;&JNidrf;&m? qdkufa&mufwm? opömr*¾wnf;/

,ckajymcJhwJhtwkdif; or®m'd|du-rSefpGm odjrifw,fqdkwm 'ku©opömudk tedpö ponfjzifh ydkif;jcm;od&w,f? tJ'Dvkd ork',opömudk y,faomtm;jzifh od&w,f? eda&m" qif;&JNidrf;&mudk rsufarSmuf ûyNyD; od&w,f? r*¾opömudk rdrdoEÅmefü jzpfyGm;apaom tm;jzifh od&w,f? tJ'Dvkd rSefpGmodjrifwmudk or®m'd|dvkdY qdk&wmbJ/

or®m'd|d jzpf,if rSefpGmBuHwJh or®mouFyÜuvJ pdwfOD;nGwfwJh taejzifh yg0ifwmygbJ? or®m0g,mr qdkqJh rSefpGmtm;xkwfrIvJ yg0ifwmygbJ? jrifrI Mum;rIponfawGudk trSSeftwkdif; trSwf&NyD; od&atmif aMumifhMupdkufay;aewm[m or®m0g,mrbJ? trSeftwkdif; trSwf&wJh or®mowd yg0ifwmuawmh tvGefxif½Sm; ay:vGifaeygNyD? (orm[dawm- pdwfwnfMunfaom olonf? ,xmblwH [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm? yZmemwd od\vkdY) a[mxm;wJh twdkif; orm"d½SdrS trSeftwdkif; odEdkifaomaMumifh or®m'd|du rSefpGmjrif,if or®morm"dvJ yg0ifaMumif; xif½Sm;ygw,f? aemufNyD;awmh oDv0dok'd¨ jynfhpHkygrS 'd|d0dok'd¨paom ynm0dok'd¨ig;yg; jzpfEdkifaomaMumifh or®m'd|du rSefpGmjrifwdkif; or®m0gpm ur®EÅ tmZD0qdkwJh oDvr*¾ifrsm;vJ yg0ifjynfhpHkaMumif; xif½Sm;ygw,f? ,ckajymcJhwJh 0dyóem or®m'd|deJY t&d,r*f or®m'd|d jzpfqJrSm or®mouFyÜpaom r*¾ifawGvJ yg0ifygw,f? tJ'D r*¾if ½Spfyg;u t*Fg½Spfyg;½SdwJh t&d,r*fyJvdkY "r®'dEémax&Du ajzMum;ygw,f? tJ'DrSm 0dyóemr*¾ifawGu t&d,r*f\ a½SUaqmifjzpfwJh ykAÁbm*r*fyJ? aomwmywdår*f ponfuawmh t&d,r*fyJvdkY 'Dvkd cJGjcm;NyD; rSwfodxm;Mu&r,f/

tJ'Dtajzudk Mum;emNyD;awmh 0domc aoa|;BuD;u 'Dvkd ar;jyefygw,f/

ocFw-tocFwtar;

t&da,m yema,s t|*Øaum ra*¾g ocFawm? O'g[k? tocFawm/

ta,st½Sifr "r®'dEém? t&da,m t|*Øaum ra*¾g t*Fg½Spfyg;½Sdaom t&d,r*fonf? ocFawm Ek acg taMuif;w&m;rsm;u ûytyfaom ocFww&m; jzpfygoavm? O'g[k odkYr[kwf? tocFawm rûytyfaom tocFw&m; jzpfygoavmwJh/

r*¾½Spfyg;wJh t&d,r*f[m tjcm; emrfw&m;rsm;vkdyif taMumif;w&m;awGu ûyvkdY jzpfwJh ocFww&m;ygvm;? odkYr[kwf edAÁmeftNidrf;"mwfvkdyif tocFww&m;ygvm;vkdY ar;wmygbJ/ tJ'D tar;udk "r®'dEémax&Du 'Dvkd ajzMum;ygw,f/

ocFwjzpfaMumif; tajz

t&da,m acg tm0kaom 0domc t|*Øaum ra*¾g ocFawm/

tm0kaom 0domc-'g,um 0domc? t&da,m t|*Øaum ra*¾g-t*Fg½Spfyg;½Sdaom t&d,r*f onf? ocFawm 0dyóempaom taMumif;w&m;u ûytyf-jzpfap tyfaom ocFww&m; jzpfygonfwJh/

olYqdkif&m taMumif;w&m;rsm;u vHIYaqmf axmufyHhûyvkyfay;rS jzpfay:vmwJh ocFww&m; ygwJh? tocFww&m;qdkwm edAÁmef wyg;wnf;om ½Sdw,f? tJ'DedAÁmefqkdwmu t&d,r*f\ tpGrf;aMumifh udavomawG jzpfcGifhr½SdyJ Nidrf;jcif;oabmbJ? Nidrf;w,fqkdwmjzpfay:wm r[kwfvkdY taMumif;aMumifh jzpfw,fvdkY rqdk&bl;? tJ'D udavom taMumif;w&m;uif;vkdY b0opf ½kyfemrf qif;&JawG rjzpfawmhyJ uif;Nidrf;wmvJ edAÁmefbJ? tJ'gvJ jzpfay:wmr[kwfvkdY taMumif;aMumifhjzpfwJh ocFwvdkY rqdk&bl;? tocFwom rnfw,f? t&d,r*fw&m; qdkwmuawmh a½S;tzkdYu ykAÁbm*r*fqdkwJh 0dyóemaMumifh jzpfwmbJ? teD;uyfqHk;tm;jzifh (tEkavmrH a*gMwbkó-tEkavmr0dyóemu tjcm;rJhü a*gMwbludk jzpfapvsuf aus;Zl;ûyw,f? a*gMwbk r*¾ó a*gMwblu t&d,r*fudk tjcm;rJhü jzpfapaomtm;jzifh aus;Zl;ûyw,fvdkY) a[mxm;wJh y|mef;ygVdawmft& a½S;tzdkYu 0dyóemtqifhqifhaMumifh teD;qHk;tm;jzifh a*gMwblaMumifh jzpfw,f qdkwmvJ xif½Sm;w,f? aemufNyD;awmh wnf&mrSD&m½kyfeJY ,SOfbufw&m;awGaMumifh jzpfw,fqdkwmvJ xif½Sm;ygw,f/

'gaMumifh pmayusrf;*efwwf yk*d¾KvfawG taetm;jzifh t&d,r*f[m qdkif&mtaMumif; rsm;aMumifh jzpfvkdY ocFww&m;jzpfaMumif; xif½Sm;aeygw,f? ar;p&mawmif rvkdbl;vdkY qdkp&mygbJ? 'gayrJh okwr½SdwJh yk*d¾KvfawG taetm;jzifhawmh txifrSm;p&m½Sdygw,f/ t&d,r*fu ½kyfemrfqif;&J Nidrf;wJh tocFw edAÁmefudk tm½HkûyNyD; jzpfawmh edAÁmefvkdyif tocFw avvm;vkdY ,HkrSm;p&m xifrSm;p&m ½Sdygw,f? or®wåed,mrrnfaomaMumifh tocFwvkdY xifp&mvJ½Sdygw,f? awmfawmfqDu vlwa,mufu 'DrSm vmNyD; ar;w,f ]]t&d,r*f[m tocFww&m;ygvm;}}wJh? bmhaMumifh 'Dvkd ar;&wmvJqdkawmh ]]q&mBuD;wa,mufu olYusrf;pmtkyfxJrSm t&d,r*fukd tocFww&m;}} vkdY jyqdkxm;wmudk awGU&aomaMumifhygwJh/

tJ'Dusrf;pmrSm t&d,r*f tocFwjzpfaMumif; uxm 0w¬KygVdjzifh jyqdkxm;w,fvkdY qdkygw,f? tJ'Dusrf;pmtkyfawmh rawGUbl;ygbl;? uxm0w¬Kusrf;xJu pmydk'f trSwf (445) ponfrSm (ed,mr[m tocFwvm; ponfjzifh) jyqdkxm;wmudk trSDûyNyD; a&;xm;[efwlygw,f/ uxm0w¬Kusrf;rSm trSm;eJY trSef tNiif;tcHkjzpfyHkawGudk jyxm;w,f? odem;vnf&ef rvG,fvSygbl;? trSm;bufu 0g'eJY trSefbufu 0g'udk cGJjcm;od&ef rvG,fvSygbl;? A[kokwjynfh0wJholrSç ygVdESifh t|uxmudkvJ ususee avhvmMunfhrS odem;vnfEdkifw,f? uxm0w¬Kusrf;rSm wwd,o*Fg,em acwfwkef;u t,lrSm;teJY t,lrSefudk pdppfa0befjyxm;w,f? aomwmywdår*fudk a&mufwJholrSm *wdeJYÓPfudk jrJapaomaMumifh tJ'Dr*fukd or®wåed,mrac:w,f? tJ'Dr*fpdwf csKyfoGm;wJhaemufvJ *wdeJYÓPfu rcRwfr,Gif;yJ cdkifNrJaeaomaMumifh ed,mrudk tocFwvkdY t,lrSm;jzpfaew,f? ed,mrqdkwm t&d,r*fyJ? ed,mrudk tocFwvkdY qdkawmh t&d,r*fudkvJ tocFwvkdY qdk&ma&mufwmaygh? tJ'g trSm;ppfppfyJ? tJ'D trSm;udk trsm;tm; em;vnf&atmifvkdY pdppfa0befjycsufygbJ/ tJ'gudk trSefxifNyD; [dkusrf;ûyyk*d¾Kvfu a&;xm;[efwlygw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'Dvkd t,lrSm;udk y,fzsufEkdif&eftwGuf ]]t&d,r*f[m ocFwvm; tocFwvm;}} vdkY ar;wmvJ ar;oifhygw,f? ]]ocFwyg}} vkdY tajzvJ ajzoifihwmygbJ? tocFw qdk,if edAÁmefvkdyif csKyfysufjcif; r½SdyJ tNrJwnfae&rSm? t&d,r*fuawmh tjcm;pdwfrsm;vdkyif Oyg'gXDbif qdkwJh cPi,foHk;csufrQom wnf½Sdw,f? bifcPrSm vHk;0csKyfaysmufoGm;w,f? 'gaMumifh edAÁmefvkd tNrJwnf½SdaewmvJ r[kwfbl;? ckwifu ajymcJhwJhtwdkif; 0dyóempaom taMumif;rsm;aMumifh jzpfay:wJhw&m;vJjzpfaew,f? 'gaMumifh ocFww&m; jzpfaMumif; tvGefyif xif½Sm;ygw,f/

tJ'Dtajzudk Mum;emNyD;aemuf 0domcaoa|BuD;u 'DvkdvJ ar;jyefygw,f/